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The influence of the place-value structure of the Arabic number ...

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Table 2: Correlation matrix depicting <strong>the</strong> <strong>influence</strong> <strong>of</strong> basic numerical tasks (Panel A) as well as <strong>the</strong> <strong>influence</strong><br />

<strong>of</strong> specific numerical effects (Panel B) on overall addition performance<br />

A Task 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.<br />

Numeric 1. Addition (3 rd grade) - .25* .24* .01 .03 .09 - .12<br />

2. Comparison (1 st grade) - .54** - .08 .00 - .20(*) - .33**<br />

3. Transcoding (1 st grade) - - .19(*) .00 - .27* - .33**<br />

Non-numeric 4. Intelligence (1 st grade) - .00 - .04 .21*<br />

5. Verbal WM (1 st grade) - .27** .14<br />

6. Spatial WM (1 st grade) - .38**<br />

7. CE (1 st grade) -<br />

B Task/Effect 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.<br />

Numeric 1. Addition (3 rd grade) - - .17(*) .24* .35** .00 .03 .09 - .12<br />

2. Distance effect (1 st grade) - - .04 .05 - .19(*) - .19(*) .03 - .07<br />

3. Compatibility effect (1 st grade) - .13 .04 .04 - .01 - .21*<br />

4. Inversion (1 st grade) - .01 - .19(*) - .16 - .25*<br />

Non-numeric 5. Intelligence (1 st grade) - .00 - .04 .21*<br />

6. Verbal WM (1 st grade) - .27** .14<br />

7. Spatial WM (1 st grade) - .38**<br />

8. CE (1 st grade) -<br />

( * ) = p < .10; * = p < .05; ** = p < .01<br />

148

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