Kinetic Analysis and Characterization of Epoxy Resins ... - FedOA

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Introduction 36 Figure 1.10: Schematic representation of an electromagnetic wave. • X-rays; • Gamma rays. Of these, Radio waves have the longest wavelengths and Gamma rays have the shortest. The electromagnetic spectrum is shown in Figure 1.11. EM radiation carries energy and moment, which may be imparted when it interacts with matter. Electromagnetic waves were first postulated by James Clerk Maxwell and subsequently confirmed by Heinrich Hertz. Maxwell derived a wave form of the electric and magnetic equations, revealing the wave-like nature of electric and magnetic fields, and their symmetry. Because the speed of EM waves predicted by the wave equation coincided with the measured speed of light, Maxwell concluded that light itself is an EM wave. According to Maxwell’s equations 1.2 and 1.3 a time-varying electric field gene- 36
Introduction 37 Figure 1.11: Electromagnetic spectrum. rates a magnetic field and vice versa. Therefore, as an oscillating electric field generates an oscillating magnetic field, the magnetic field in turn generates an oscillating electric field, and so on. These oscillating fields together form an electromagnetic wave. A quantum theory of the interactions between electromagnetic radiations and matter such as electrons is described by the theory of quantum electrodynamics. At every frequency the propagation speed of an EM radiation is equal to the speed of light c that in the free space is exactly: c = 299.792.458 m s (1.5) 1.4 Microwaves Microwaves (MW) are electromagnetic radiations with wavelength ranging from 1 mm to 1 m, or frequencies between 0.3 and 300 GHz. Therefore they are included between radio waves and infrared. 37
Page 1 and 2: UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DI NAPOLI
Page 3 and 4: 3 I thank all the lecturers of PhD
Page 5 and 6: 5 Microwaves are electromagnetic ra
Page 7 and 8: CONTENTS 7 1.8.1 DielectricProperti
Page 9 and 10: CONTENTS 9 4 Conclusions and Outloo
Page 11 and 12: LIST OF TABLES 11 3.2 Average value
Page 13 and 14: List of Figures 1.1 Diglycidylether
Page 15 and 16: LIST OF FIGURES 15 2.23 Onset tempe
Page 17 and 18: LIST OF FIGURES 17 3.38 Comparison
Page 19 and 20: Introduction 19 cannot be melted an
Page 21 and 22: Introduction 21 • bismaleimides;
Page 23 and 24: Introduction 23 cold solders, casti
Page 25 and 26: Introduction 25 Average Properties
Page 27 and 28: Introduction 27 In Figure 1.4 n can
Page 29 and 30: Introduction 29 ducts and it genera
Page 31 and 32: Introduction 31 tween current-carry
Page 33 and 34: Introduction 33 that describe the p
Page 35: Introduction 35 1.3.5 Lorentz Force
Page 39 and 40: Introduction 39 Even microwaves can
Page 41 and 42: Introduction 41 production requirem
Page 43 and 44: Introduction 43 fect of the electro
Page 45 and 46: Introduction 45 following different
Page 47 and 48: Introduction 47 Debye equations bas
Page 49 and 50: Introduction 49 Although these mode
Page 51 and 52: Introduction 51 materials that have
Page 53 and 54: Chapter 2 Experimental In this chap
Page 55 and 56: Experimental 55 Characteristic Note
Page 57 and 58: Experimental 57 If the oven is used
Page 59 and 60: Experimental 59 In monomodal applic
Page 61 and 62: Experimental 61 Figure 2.5: Right s
Page 63 and 64: Experimental 63 Figure 2.8: Front v
Page 65 and 66: Experimental 65 regardless of the a
Page 67 and 68: Experimental 67 • The number of t
Page 69 and 70: Experimental 69 Figure 2.11: Surfac
Page 71 and 72: Experimental 71 Figure 2.12: Repeti
Page 73 and 74: Experimental 73 From the Figure 2.1
Page 75 and 76: Experimental 75 in the centre of th
Page 77 and 78: Experimental 77 not read the water
Page 79 and 80: Experimental 79 Test number 1 2 3 4
Page 81 and 82: Experimental 81 Figure 2.19: Plot o
Page 83 and 84: Experimental 83 2.5 Datalogger This
Page 85 and 86: Experimental 85 same reason a wood
Page 87 and 88:
Experimental 87 Material Behaviour
Page 89 and 90:
Experimental 89 in function of the
Page 91 and 92:
Experimental 91 2.6.3 Influence of
Page 93 and 94:
Chapter 3 Results and Discussion Th
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Results and Discussion 95 There is
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Results and Discussion 97 Figure 3.
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Results and Discussion 99 Parameter
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Results and Discussion 101 After pr
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Results and Discussion 103 of insta
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Results and Discussion 105 1. Mecha
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Results and Discussion 107 where k
Page 109 and 110:
Results and Discussion 109 Kinetic
Page 111 and 112:
Results and Discussion 111 Figure 3
Page 113 and 114:
Results and Discussion 113 3.3 Comp
Page 115 and 116:
Results and Discussion 115 pedestal
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Results and Discussion 117 Tables 3
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Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Results and Discussion 123 t MW [s]
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Results and Discussion 125 simulate
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Page 129 and 130:
Results and Discussion 129 t DSC [s
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Page 133 and 134:
Results and Discussion 133 Using th
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Results and Discussion 135 forward
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Results and Discussion 141 than the
Page 143 and 144:
Results and Discussion 143 Since ev
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Results and Discussion 145 ditions.
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Results and Discussion 147 3.23 and
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Results and Discussion 149 The T g
Page 151 and 152:
Results and Discussion 151 3.6.1 St
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Results and Discussion 153 Flexural
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Results and Discussion 155 3.7.2 FT
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Results and Discussion 157 identifi
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Results and Discussion 159 This eff
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Results and Discussion 161 Also in
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Conclusions and Outlook 163 degree
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Appendix A A Brief History of Micro
Page 167 and 168:
A Brief History of Microwave Oven 1
Page 169 and 170:
Bibliography [1] W. Callister, “M
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 171 [19] P. I. Karkana
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 173 [34] K. D. V. Pras
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