Kinetic Analysis and Characterization of Epoxy Resins ... - FedOA

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Experimental 76 2.3.4 Location of the IR Sensor Reading Cone In dynamic operative conditions the sample temperature measurement, under MW radiation is devolved upon an IR sensor. In fact, in this conditions, the use of the datalogger is not possible as explained in the section 2.5 on page 83. While at the begin 11 and the end 12 of the cycle the temperature has been measured with a digital thermocouple, during the microwave heating process the temperature can be read by the IR sensor, placed in the centre of the oven on the top of the applicator cavity. For this reason the width of the reading cone and the trustworthiness of the measured data have been determined. The system is not monitored continuously, but only when the workpiece is under the IR beam, due to the movement of the tray, that goes forward and backward along y-direction, during the automatic cycle. Therefore the IR sensor provides temperature measurements, whose maximum values correspond to the passage of the sample under the sensor. Before everything the reading corridor, described by the beam, emitted by the IR sensor has been located for determining the best position for temperature monitoring. This purpose has been accomplished using a PP beaker of 50 ml of tap water. The beaker has been submitted to microwave radiation with the operative conditions listed in Table 2.3. In every experiment the water has been substituted, carrying back the temperature at room value. The Cartesian grid has been used for a more reliable detection of the best position and the relative distance from the boundary of the tray. The sensor does 11 Before loading the workpiece. 12 When the sample goes out from the internal cavity. 76
Experimental 77 not read the water temperature, when the beaker has been placed at increasing distance from the centre, along x-direction 13 . While the sensor is able to read the water temperature, if the beaker is put in the tray centre or shifted along y-direction. This investigation has allowed the identification of a reading corridor of about 2cmalong the centre of the tray in the y-direction. The diameter of the vessel used for the curing processes is of about 5cm. Therefore if the workpiece is placed in the position (0,0,z) the temperature, shown on the display of the control panel 14 is the actual sample temperature and not an average, between the tray and the sample. 2.3.5 IR Sensor Calibration In dynamic operative conditions the IR sensor has been used for monitoring the sample temperature, because is unthinkable to interrupt the cycle 15 at regular time for measuring the temperature with a digital thermocouple, and it is not possible to use the datalogger, as explained in the section 2.5, on page 83. Moreover during the MW exposure the temperature can not be measured using a thermocouple, without an electromagnetic screen, because the microwaves can induce strong currents along the thermocouple metallic wires, causing its breakdown. Analogous consideration for mercury thermometers. While the alcohol thermometers are not sufficiently reliable, because this liquid can interact with the applied electromagnetic field, absorbing part of the supplied energy. The IR temperature monitoring system can be considered suitable. However this measurement depends on the material reflexibility coefficient. After location of IR sensor reading corridor, the reliability of the data provided 13 That is perpendicular to that of the tray movement. 14 That is the value measured by the IR sensor. 15 And so on the curing process. 77
Page 1 and 2:
UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DI NAPOLI
Page 3 and 4:
3 I thank all the lecturers of PhD
Page 5 and 6:
5 Microwaves are electromagnetic ra
Page 7 and 8:
CONTENTS 7 1.8.1 DielectricProperti
Page 9 and 10:
CONTENTS 9 4 Conclusions and Outloo
Page 11 and 12:
LIST OF TABLES 11 3.2 Average value
Page 13 and 14:
List of Figures 1.1 Diglycidylether
Page 15 and 16:
LIST OF FIGURES 15 2.23 Onset tempe
Page 17 and 18:
LIST OF FIGURES 17 3.38 Comparison
Page 19 and 20:
Introduction 19 cannot be melted an
Page 21 and 22:
Introduction 21 • bismaleimides;
Page 23 and 24:
Introduction 23 cold solders, casti
Page 25 and 26: Introduction 25 Average Properties
Page 27 and 28: Introduction 27 In Figure 1.4 n can
Page 29 and 30: Introduction 29 ducts and it genera
Page 31 and 32: Introduction 31 tween current-carry
Page 33 and 34: Introduction 33 that describe the p
Page 35 and 36: Introduction 35 1.3.5 Lorentz Force
Page 37 and 38: Introduction 37 Figure 1.11: Electr
Page 39 and 40: Introduction 39 Even microwaves can
Page 41 and 42: Introduction 41 production requirem
Page 43 and 44: Introduction 43 fect of the electro
Page 45 and 46: Introduction 45 following different
Page 47 and 48: Introduction 47 Debye equations bas
Page 49 and 50: Introduction 49 Although these mode
Page 51 and 52: Introduction 51 materials that have
Page 53 and 54: Chapter 2 Experimental In this chap
Page 55 and 56: Experimental 55 Characteristic Note
Page 57 and 58: Experimental 57 If the oven is used
Page 59 and 60: Experimental 59 In monomodal applic
Page 61 and 62: Experimental 61 Figure 2.5: Right s
Page 63 and 64: Experimental 63 Figure 2.8: Front v
Page 65 and 66: Experimental 65 regardless of the a
Page 67 and 68: Experimental 67 • The number of t
Page 69 and 70: Experimental 69 Figure 2.11: Surfac
Page 71 and 72: Experimental 71 Figure 2.12: Repeti
Page 73 and 74: Experimental 73 From the Figure 2.1
Page 75: Experimental 75 in the centre of th
Page 79 and 80: Experimental 79 Test number 1 2 3 4
Page 81 and 82: Experimental 81 Figure 2.19: Plot o
Page 83 and 84: Experimental 83 2.5 Datalogger This
Page 85 and 86: Experimental 85 same reason a wood
Page 87 and 88: Experimental 87 Material Behaviour
Page 89 and 90: Experimental 89 in function of the
Page 91 and 92: Experimental 91 2.6.3 Influence of
Page 93 and 94: Chapter 3 Results and Discussion Th
Page 95 and 96: Results and Discussion 95 There is
Page 97 and 98: Results and Discussion 97 Figure 3.
Page 99 and 100: Results and Discussion 99 Parameter
Page 101 and 102: Results and Discussion 101 After pr
Page 103 and 104: Results and Discussion 103 of insta
Page 105 and 106: Results and Discussion 105 1. Mecha
Page 107 and 108: Results and Discussion 107 where k
Page 109 and 110: Results and Discussion 109 Kinetic
Page 111 and 112: Results and Discussion 111 Figure 3
Page 113 and 114: Results and Discussion 113 3.3 Comp
Page 115 and 116: Results and Discussion 115 pedestal
Page 117 and 118: Results and Discussion 117 Tables 3
Page 123 and 124: Results and Discussion 123 t MW [s]
Page 125 and 126: Results and Discussion 125 simulate
Page 127 and 128:
Results and Discussion 127 Figure 3
Page 129 and 130:
Results and Discussion 129 t DSC [s
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Results and Discussion 133 Using th
Page 135 and 136:
Results and Discussion 135 forward
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Results and Discussion 141 than the
Page 143 and 144:
Results and Discussion 143 Since ev
Page 145 and 146:
Results and Discussion 145 ditions.
Page 147 and 148:
Results and Discussion 147 3.23 and
Page 149 and 150:
Results and Discussion 149 The T g
Page 151 and 152:
Results and Discussion 151 3.6.1 St
Page 153 and 154:
Results and Discussion 153 Flexural
Page 155 and 156:
Results and Discussion 155 3.7.2 FT
Page 157 and 158:
Results and Discussion 157 identifi
Page 159 and 160:
Results and Discussion 159 This eff
Page 161 and 162:
Results and Discussion 161 Also in
Page 163 and 164:
Conclusions and Outlook 163 degree
Page 165 and 166:
Appendix A A Brief History of Micro
Page 167 and 168:
A Brief History of Microwave Oven 1
Page 169 and 170:
Bibliography [1] W. Callister, “M
Page 171 and 172:
BIBLIOGRAPHY 171 [19] P. I. Karkana
Page 173:
BIBLIOGRAPHY 173 [34] K. D. V. Pras
show all

Kinetic Analysis and Characterization of Epoxy Resins ... - FedOA

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?