Kinetic Analysis and Characterization of Epoxy Resins ... - FedOA

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Experimental 74 in the centre and for the radial distances of 16,5 and 30,7 cm, evaluated as an average of measured values. While the ∆T ∗ are the difference of ∆T average , when the beaker is placed at 1, 2 and 3cmof height and the ∆T average , when the beaker is positioned on the tray at z=0. The profile of ∆T ∗ is shown in Figure 2.16. Figure 2.16: ∆T ∗ measured at 1, 2 and 3 cm of height above the tray surface. Therefore, reassuming the results illustrated in Figures 2.14, 2.15 and 2.16, the position of maximum energy density is in the centre of the tray surface at 2 cm of height. For this reason in all the experiments with the microwave oven operating in dynamic conditions the sample has been collocated in this position. 2.3.3 Influence of the Tray Velocity The tray velocity in the MW region is another parameter that must be selected before starting the cycle. The influence of this parameter on the dielectric heating has been studied. The experiments have been carried out using a beaker of a volume of 250 ml with the same quantity of tap water. The beaker has been placed 74
Experimental 75 in the centre of the tray. The initial and final temperature has been measured, using a digital thermocouple after a cycle under MW radiations with the operative conditions reported in Table 2.3. The velocity of the tray has been modified in every cycle, starting from the safety value of 224 cm/min, equivalent to the 40% of maximum velocity up to 560 cm/min, that is the greatest tray velocity. The number of tray passages has been modified in a way to maintain constant the time of exposure under MW radiation. Velocities less than 224 cm/min have been discarded, because there is the hazard that the hermetic door of the applicator 10 could hit the tray not completely entered in the cavity. Figure 2.17 illustrates the obtained results. Figure 2.17: Influence of the tray velocity on the temperature increase. The tray velocity does not exert any meaningful effect on the dielectric heating. While the time of MW radiation is the key parameter for the temperature raising. 10 That is automatically closed. 75
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UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DI NAPOLI
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3 I thank all the lecturers of PhD
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5 Microwaves are electromagnetic ra
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CONTENTS 7 1.8.1 DielectricProperti
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CONTENTS 9 4 Conclusions and Outloo
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LIST OF TABLES 11 3.2 Average value
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List of Figures 1.1 Diglycidylether
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LIST OF FIGURES 15 2.23 Onset tempe
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LIST OF FIGURES 17 3.38 Comparison
Page 19 and 20:
Introduction 19 cannot be melted an
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Introduction 21 • bismaleimides;
Page 23 and 24: Introduction 23 cold solders, casti
Page 25 and 26: Introduction 25 Average Properties
Page 27 and 28: Introduction 27 In Figure 1.4 n can
Page 29 and 30: Introduction 29 ducts and it genera
Page 31 and 32: Introduction 31 tween current-carry
Page 33 and 34: Introduction 33 that describe the p
Page 35 and 36: Introduction 35 1.3.5 Lorentz Force
Page 37 and 38: Introduction 37 Figure 1.11: Electr
Page 39 and 40: Introduction 39 Even microwaves can
Page 41 and 42: Introduction 41 production requirem
Page 43 and 44: Introduction 43 fect of the electro
Page 45 and 46: Introduction 45 following different
Page 47 and 48: Introduction 47 Debye equations bas
Page 49 and 50: Introduction 49 Although these mode
Page 51 and 52: Introduction 51 materials that have
Page 53 and 54: Chapter 2 Experimental In this chap
Page 55 and 56: Experimental 55 Characteristic Note
Page 57 and 58: Experimental 57 If the oven is used
Page 59 and 60: Experimental 59 In monomodal applic
Page 61 and 62: Experimental 61 Figure 2.5: Right s
Page 63 and 64: Experimental 63 Figure 2.8: Front v
Page 65 and 66: Experimental 65 regardless of the a
Page 67 and 68: Experimental 67 • The number of t
Page 69 and 70: Experimental 69 Figure 2.11: Surfac
Page 71 and 72: Experimental 71 Figure 2.12: Repeti
Page 73: Experimental 73 From the Figure 2.1
Page 77 and 78: Experimental 77 not read the water
Page 79 and 80: Experimental 79 Test number 1 2 3 4
Page 81 and 82: Experimental 81 Figure 2.19: Plot o
Page 83 and 84: Experimental 83 2.5 Datalogger This
Page 85 and 86: Experimental 85 same reason a wood
Page 87 and 88: Experimental 87 Material Behaviour
Page 89 and 90: Experimental 89 in function of the
Page 91 and 92: Experimental 91 2.6.3 Influence of
Page 93 and 94: Chapter 3 Results and Discussion Th
Page 95 and 96: Results and Discussion 95 There is
Page 97 and 98: Results and Discussion 97 Figure 3.
Page 99 and 100: Results and Discussion 99 Parameter
Page 101 and 102: Results and Discussion 101 After pr
Page 103 and 104: Results and Discussion 103 of insta
Page 105 and 106: Results and Discussion 105 1. Mecha
Page 107 and 108: Results and Discussion 107 where k
Page 109 and 110: Results and Discussion 109 Kinetic
Page 111 and 112: Results and Discussion 111 Figure 3
Page 113 and 114: Results and Discussion 113 3.3 Comp
Page 115 and 116: Results and Discussion 115 pedestal
Page 117 and 118: Results and Discussion 117 Tables 3
Page 123 and 124: Results and Discussion 123 t MW [s]
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Results and Discussion 125 simulate
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Results and Discussion 127 Figure 3
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Results and Discussion 129 t DSC [s
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Page 133 and 134:
Results and Discussion 133 Using th
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Results and Discussion 135 forward
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Results and Discussion 141 than the
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Results and Discussion 143 Since ev
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Results and Discussion 145 ditions.
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Results and Discussion 147 3.23 and
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Results and Discussion 149 The T g
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Results and Discussion 151 3.6.1 St
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Results and Discussion 153 Flexural
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Results and Discussion 155 3.7.2 FT
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Results and Discussion 157 identifi
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Results and Discussion 159 This eff
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Results and Discussion 161 Also in
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Conclusions and Outlook 163 degree
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Appendix A A Brief History of Micro
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A Brief History of Microwave Oven 1
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Bibliography [1] W. Callister, “M
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 171 [19] P. I. Karkana
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 173 [34] K. D. V. Pras
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