Kinetic Analysis and Characterization of Epoxy Resins ... - FedOA

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Experimental 64 schematic comparison between the microwave working without and with VPMS is illustrated in Figure 2.10. Figure 2.10: Scheme of power supplying in a microwave oven without (A) andwith(B)VPMS. While using a VPMS system, the power is applied continuously and it corresponds to the values set by the user. Considering again the above example, if an operator chooses a power of 25% of the maximum value, the VPMS system supplies 250 W for the whole cycle time, as illustrated in Figure 2.10 (B). This system offers the main advantage of a more uniform sample curing, without the overheating, due to the application of the maximum power. Fu et al. [15] have investigated the power absorbed and reflected by epoxy samples, polymerized with the both power control systems, and they have demonstrated that a continuously power supplying ensures higher reaction rate. 2.2.3 Insulator In the microwave plant produced by Microglass s.r.l. there is an electric insulator between the magnetron and the waveguide. Its operation is based on ferrites, placed in its centre, and dipped in a magnetic field, generated by two permanent magnets, collocated in the centre on the outside of the insulator. The insulator performs two important functions: 1. Enables the operation of the magnetron in the best matching conditions, 64
Experimental 65 regardless of the absorbing load, placed inside the applicator cavity. In this way the load impedance remains constant for the magnetron, that can supply always the same power; 2. Screens the magnetron from the electromagnetic waves, reflected by the load. This energy is switched on the dummy load 4 , positioned on the third door of the insulator. 2.2.4 Control Panel The microwave plant is provided with a control panel with the following buttons: • Start cycle: for beginning the automatic cycle; • Stop cycle: for finishing the automatic cycle; • Selector manual/automatic: switch from the manual to the automatic movement of the tray; • Tray in/out: switch, that moves the tray forward or backward inside the cavity, when the manual selector is switched on. On the control panel there are also the following informing lights: • Current: white light, informing the turning on of prototype; • Radiation: violet light, informing the turning on of microwave radiation inside the cavity; • Cycle error: orange light, informing the presence of anomalies of the automatic cycle; 4 Water load. 65
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UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DI NAPOLI
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3 I thank all the lecturers of PhD
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5 Microwaves are electromagnetic ra
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CONTENTS 7 1.8.1 DielectricProperti
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CONTENTS 9 4 Conclusions and Outloo
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LIST OF TABLES 11 3.2 Average value
Page 13 and 14: List of Figures 1.1 Diglycidylether
Page 15 and 16: LIST OF FIGURES 15 2.23 Onset tempe
Page 17 and 18: LIST OF FIGURES 17 3.38 Comparison
Page 19 and 20: Introduction 19 cannot be melted an
Page 21 and 22: Introduction 21 • bismaleimides;
Page 23 and 24: Introduction 23 cold solders, casti
Page 25 and 26: Introduction 25 Average Properties
Page 27 and 28: Introduction 27 In Figure 1.4 n can
Page 29 and 30: Introduction 29 ducts and it genera
Page 31 and 32: Introduction 31 tween current-carry
Page 33 and 34: Introduction 33 that describe the p
Page 35 and 36: Introduction 35 1.3.5 Lorentz Force
Page 37 and 38: Introduction 37 Figure 1.11: Electr
Page 39 and 40: Introduction 39 Even microwaves can
Page 41 and 42: Introduction 41 production requirem
Page 43 and 44: Introduction 43 fect of the electro
Page 45 and 46: Introduction 45 following different
Page 47 and 48: Introduction 47 Debye equations bas
Page 49 and 50: Introduction 49 Although these mode
Page 51 and 52: Introduction 51 materials that have
Page 53 and 54: Chapter 2 Experimental In this chap
Page 55 and 56: Experimental 55 Characteristic Note
Page 57 and 58: Experimental 57 If the oven is used
Page 59 and 60: Experimental 59 In monomodal applic
Page 61 and 62: Experimental 61 Figure 2.5: Right s
Page 63: Experimental 63 Figure 2.8: Front v
Page 67 and 68: Experimental 67 • The number of t
Page 69 and 70: Experimental 69 Figure 2.11: Surfac
Page 71 and 72: Experimental 71 Figure 2.12: Repeti
Page 73 and 74: Experimental 73 From the Figure 2.1
Page 75 and 76: Experimental 75 in the centre of th
Page 77 and 78: Experimental 77 not read the water
Page 79 and 80: Experimental 79 Test number 1 2 3 4
Page 81 and 82: Experimental 81 Figure 2.19: Plot o
Page 83 and 84: Experimental 83 2.5 Datalogger This
Page 85 and 86: Experimental 85 same reason a wood
Page 87 and 88: Experimental 87 Material Behaviour
Page 89 and 90: Experimental 89 in function of the
Page 91 and 92: Experimental 91 2.6.3 Influence of
Page 93 and 94: Chapter 3 Results and Discussion Th
Page 95 and 96: Results and Discussion 95 There is
Page 97 and 98: Results and Discussion 97 Figure 3.
Page 99 and 100: Results and Discussion 99 Parameter
Page 101 and 102: Results and Discussion 101 After pr
Page 103 and 104: Results and Discussion 103 of insta
Page 105 and 106: Results and Discussion 105 1. Mecha
Page 107 and 108: Results and Discussion 107 where k
Page 109 and 110: Results and Discussion 109 Kinetic
Page 111 and 112: Results and Discussion 111 Figure 3
Page 113 and 114: Results and Discussion 113 3.3 Comp
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Results and Discussion 115 pedestal
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Results and Discussion 117 Tables 3
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Results and Discussion 119 Figure 3
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Results and Discussion 123 t MW [s]
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Results and Discussion 125 simulate
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Results and Discussion 129 t DSC [s
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Results and Discussion 133 Using th
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Results and Discussion 135 forward
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Results and Discussion 141 than the
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Results and Discussion 143 Since ev
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Results and Discussion 145 ditions.
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Results and Discussion 147 3.23 and
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Results and Discussion 149 The T g
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Results and Discussion 151 3.6.1 St
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Results and Discussion 153 Flexural
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Results and Discussion 155 3.7.2 FT
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Results and Discussion 157 identifi
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Results and Discussion 159 This eff
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Results and Discussion 161 Also in
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Conclusions and Outlook 163 degree
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Appendix A A Brief History of Micro
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A Brief History of Microwave Oven 1
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Bibliography [1] W. Callister, “M
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 171 [19] P. I. Karkana
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 173 [34] K. D. V. Pras
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