Kinetic Analysis and Characterization of Epoxy Resins ... - FedOA

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Results and Discussion 96 Figure 3.3: Thermogravimetric signal of EC 57-K 21 mixture at 10 ◦ C/min. 3.1.2 DSC Characterization A detailed differential scanning calorimeter analysis of epoxy system has been performed. The total enthalpy of the curing process has been measured through DSC dynamic scans at different heating rates. The signal obtained with a dynamic DSC at 10 ◦ C/min from 0 ◦ C up to 220 ◦ C is illustrated in Figure 3.4. The total cure energy can be calculated through linear integration of the signal of the specific heat flow versus temperature according to equation 3.1. ∆H TOT = ∫ Tf T 0 φ dT (3.1) where φ is the specific heat flow in W/g. In fact the area under the peak is a measure of the heat generated 2 during the polymerization process. In the DSC, illustrated in Figure 3.4, the measured cure energy is equal to: ∆H TOT = 497 J/g (3.2) A following dynamic scan at heating rate of 10 ◦ C/min from room temperature 2 The up direction in the plot corresponds to exothermic heat flow. 96
Results and Discussion 97 Figure 3.4: Cure enthalpy of EC 57-K 21 mixture with dynamic scan at 10 ◦ C/min. up to 200 ◦ C on the same sample has enabled the evaluation of the glass transition temperature as shown in Figure 3.5 In this case the glass transition temperature is equal to: T g = 107, 93 ◦ C (3.3) In Table 3.1 the results of four double dynamic scans at heating rates of 5, 10, 15 and 20 ◦ C/min have been summarized. Heating rate [ ◦ C/min] ∆H TOT [J/g] T p [ ◦ C] T g [ ◦ C] 5 485,7 91,12 106,10 10 497 103,41 107,93 15 495 112,31 107,89 20 462,2 116,18 102,92 Table 3.1: Results of DSC dynamic scans at different heating rates. T p is the peak temperature, that is the abscissa corresponding to the maximum 97
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UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DI NAPOLI
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3 I thank all the lecturers of PhD
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5 Microwaves are electromagnetic ra
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CONTENTS 7 1.8.1 DielectricProperti
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CONTENTS 9 4 Conclusions and Outloo
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LIST OF TABLES 11 3.2 Average value
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List of Figures 1.1 Diglycidylether
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LIST OF FIGURES 15 2.23 Onset tempe
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LIST OF FIGURES 17 3.38 Comparison
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Introduction 19 cannot be melted an
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Introduction 21 • bismaleimides;
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Introduction 23 cold solders, casti
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Introduction 25 Average Properties
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Introduction 27 In Figure 1.4 n can
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Introduction 29 ducts and it genera
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Introduction 31 tween current-carry
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Introduction 33 that describe the p
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Introduction 35 1.3.5 Lorentz Force
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Introduction 37 Figure 1.11: Electr
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Introduction 39 Even microwaves can
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Introduction 41 production requirem
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Introduction 43 fect of the electro
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Page 47 and 48: Introduction 47 Debye equations bas
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Page 51 and 52: Introduction 51 materials that have
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Results and Discussion 147 3.23 and
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Results and Discussion 149 The T g
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Results and Discussion 151 3.6.1 St
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Results and Discussion 153 Flexural
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Results and Discussion 155 3.7.2 FT
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Results and Discussion 157 identifi
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Results and Discussion 159 This eff
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Results and Discussion 161 Also in
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Conclusions and Outlook 163 degree
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Appendix A A Brief History of Micro
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A Brief History of Microwave Oven 1
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Bibliography [1] W. Callister, “M
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 171 [19] P. I. Karkana
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 173 [34] K. D. V. Pras
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