A monograph of the British fossil corals - kreidefossilien.de

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CORALS FROM THE UPPER GREENSAND. 57 CHAPTER V. CORALS FROM THE UPPER GREENSAND. The class of Polj^pi had not, in all probability, numerous representatives in the seas where the Upper Green Sand was deposited, for we have as yet seen only four British species belonging to that formation, and the English geologists do not appear to have met with many more. Most of these fossils belong to the family of Astreidge, and have been found at Haldon, at Blackdown, or at Warminster. One of these British species appears to be identical with a coral described by Goldfuss, and found in the chalk formation of Essen ; and Mr. Morris has pointed out two others as being referable to species found in the chalk of Maestricht, but we have not had an opportunity of recognising the specific identity of these last-mentioned fossils. Family ASTREIDJi] (p. xxiii). Tribe EUSMILINtE (p. xxiii). 1. Genus Peplosmilia (p. xxv). Peplosmilia Austeni. Tab. X, fig. 1, 1 a, 1 b. Corallum simple, fixed by a broad basis, cylindrical, and surrounded from top to bottom by a membraniform epitheca, presenting some slight transverse folds. Calice circular, or somewhat oval ; fossula shallow, narrow, and elongated. Columella well developed and lamellar. Sejjta appearing to form four well-developed cycla, and a foiu'th rudimentary one. The primary and secondary ones equal, and diSering but little fi'om the tertiary ones ; they are all thick, broad, closely set, slightly exsert, not quite straight, those on one side inclining to the right near the columella, and those of the other side bending in an opposite direction. A vertical section of this Coral (fig. 1 b) shows that the septa are granulated on their lateral surfaces, especially near their inner edge, which joins the columella, and that these granulations form closely-set radiate rows. Dissepiments vesicular, and rather abundant. Height of the coral, one inch and a half; diameter of the calice, above an inch. 8
58 BRITISH FOSSIL CORALS. This species is as yet the only known representative of our genus Peplosrailia,' and is easily distinguished from the other true Eusrailina;, eitlier by its lamellar columella or its complete epitheca ; it may be considered as a Montlivaltia, having a lamellar columella. We have seen but one specimen of this fossil ; it was found in the Greensaiid at Haldon, and presented to the Geological Society by Mr. R. H. C. Austen. 2. Geiiiis Trochosmilia (p. xxiv). Trochosmilia (?) TUBEROSA. Tab. X, fig. 2, 2 a. TuRBiNOLiA COMPRESSA, (?) Morris, Cat. of Brit. Foss., p. 46, 1843. Corallum simple, compressed, even at its basis, cuneiform, subpedunculated, and presenting on each of its lateral edges, at a short distance above the basis, a broad but not very prominent tuberosity. Cost(B delicate, straight, not prominent, but very distinct from the basis upwards, closely set and somewhat unequal. Calice elliptic and horizontal ; its small axis only half the length of the long axis. Fossula narrow, rather shallow, and elongated. No columella. Septa forming five complete cycla ; very thin, straight, closely set, and delicately granulated laterally; those of the first and second cycla nearly equal in size and larger than the others, so as to produce the appearance of twelve systems ; those of the fifth cyclum very small. Height, seven lines ; diameter of the calice, eight lines by four. The above-described specimen was found in the Greensand of Blackdown by our al.ile friend Mr. J. S. Bowerbank. We have not, as yet, been able to ascertain the existence of dissepiments in the interseptal locuh, and consequently are not quite sure that it belongs to the genus Trochosmilia ; if these parts do not exist it must be referred to the family of the Turbinolidse, but we have not had the materials necessary for deciding that question. We shall therefore only add here, that this coral differs from the other species of Trochosmilia described in our ' iMonograph of the Astreidai' by the existence of the lateral tuberosities, and the basis presenting scarcely any traces of adherence. It is probably this fossil which ]\Ir. Morris referred to the Tiirbinolia compressa of Lamarck, and mentioned as existing in the Greensand of Blackdowii. T. compressa belongs also to our genus Trochosmilia, and is found in the Greensand at Uchaux in the South of France, but differs from T. tubcrosa by its general form. ^ The fossil described by M. JVlicbeliii under the uame of Anthophyllum detritum (Icon. Zooph., tab. x, fig. 1) might at first sight be supposed to belong to this genus, for it presents some appearance of a lamellar columella ; but that is owing to the presence of some extraneous matter adhering to the specimen figured by M. Michelin, and although the epitheca does no longer exist in this fossil, we have no doubt that it is in reality a Montlivaltia.
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THE PALiEONTOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY. INS
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i. E. ADLJIED, PBINTr.B, BARTHOLOME
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e 7b-^,pi'? PRINTED BY C. AND .1. A
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INTRODUCTION. iii centre of the ram
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INTRODUCTION. v certain parts of th
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INTRODUCTION. vii in which the mult
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INTRODUCTION. ix Sub-class 1. CORAL
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; INTRODUCTION. xi Sub-order 1. ZOA
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INTRODUCTION. xiii 3. Genus Acantho
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; INTRODUCTION. xv formed by proces
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; INTRODUCTION. xvii IS. Genus Plat
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INTRODUCTION. xix Aberrant Group. P
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INTRODUCTION. xxi 8. Genus Amphelia
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INTRODUCTION. xxiii 3. Genus Dkndra
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INTRODUCTION. xxv 5. Genus Ccelosmi
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INTRODUCTION. xxvii in the two prec
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; INTRODUCTION. xxix 23. Genus Pler
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; INTRODUCTION. xxxi 30. Genus Hete
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INTRODUCTION. xxxiii 30. Genm Symph
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;; INTRODUCTION. xxxv 44. Gentts Tr
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LNTRODUCTION. xxxvii 50. Genus Dipl
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INTRODUCTION. xxxix Section IV.—
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; INTRODUCTION. xli 64. Genus Astro
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INTRODUCTION. xliii which thus form
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; INTRODUCTION. xlv 79. Genus Oclan
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INTRODUCTION. xlvii 4. Genus Micbab
Page 59 and 60: INTRODUCTION. xlix 14. Genus Ctclos
Page 61 and 62: INTRODUCTION. li the sclerenchyma,
Page 63 and 64: INTRODUCTION. liii 7. Genus Stephan
Page 65 and 66: INTRODUCTION. Iv Family VII. PORITI
Page 67 and 68: . INTRODUCTION. Ivii Second Tribe
Page 69 and 70: INTRODUCTION. lix 4. Genus Fistulip
Page 71 and 72: INTRODUCTION. hi but much shorter,
Page 73 and 74: INTRODUCTION. Ixiii Family X. SERIA
Page 75 and 76: ; INTRODUCTION. Ixv Family XIII. CY
Page 77 and 78: INTRODUCTION. kvii 7. Gejius Hallia
Page 79 and 80: INTRODUCTION. hix 17. Genus Gonioph
Page 81 and 82: INTRODUCTION. Ixxi or costal radii
Page 83 and 84: INTRODUCTION. • Ixxiii The genera
Page 85 and 86: INTRODUCTION. Ixxv Family I. ALCYON
Page 87 and 88: INTRODUCTION. Ixxvii Second Tribe
Page 89 and 90: INTRODUCTION. Ixxix 1 7. Ge?ius Dis
Page 91 and 92: INTRODUCTION. Ixxxi 8. Genus Soland
Page 93 and 94: INTRODUCTION. Ixxxiii 3. Ge7lUS ViR
Page 95: INTRODUCTION. Ixxxv Order 3. PODACT
Page 98 and 99: CORALS OF THE UPPER CHALK. 46 towar
Page 100 and 101: CORALS OF THE UPPER CHALK. 47 Famil
Page 102 and 103: : CORALS FROIM THE UPPER CHALK. 49
Page 104 and 105: CORALS FROM THE UPPER CHALK. 51 Tho
Page 106 and 107: CORALS FROM THE LOWER CHALK. 53 CHA
Page 108 and 109: CORALS FROM THE LOWER CHALK. 55 the
Page 112 and 113: ; CORALS FROM THE UPPER GREENSAND.
Page 114 and 115: CORALS FROM THE GAULT. CHAPTER VI.
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Page 118 and 119: CORALS FROM THE GAULT. 65 found nea
Page 120 and 121: CX)RALS FROM THE GAULT. G7 and have
Page 122 and 123: ' Petref. : ; CORALS FROM THE GAULT
Page 124: ; CORALS FROM THE LOWER GREENSAND.
Page 130: TAB. IX. CORALS FROM THE UPPER CHAL
Page 138: TAB. XI. CORALS FROM THE GAULT. Cya
Page 142 and 143: 302 TABLE OF BRITISH FOSSIL CORALS.
Page 144 and 145: 304 TABLE OF BRITISH FOSSIL CORALS.
Page 146 and 147: A. GENERAL INDEX;
Page 148 and 149: 308 GENERAL INDEX.
Page 152 and 153: 312 GENERAL INDEX. Dendrophyllia de
Page 154 and 155: 314 GENERAL INDEX. . Halysites cate
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320 GENERAL INDEX.
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322 GENERAL INDEX. Xenia Zaphrentis
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