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170 Table 7,3: Growth Rates of Towns, 1952/54 to 1981 Town Illam Bhadrapur Popu- Annual Growth Rates (%) lation 1981 1952/54- 1961-71 1971-81 61 9,773 2.92 9,761 2.64 Biratnagar 93,544 18.48* 2,43 7.29 Dharan 42,146 7,20 Rajbiraj 16,444 4,03 7,42 Janakpur 34,840 4,70 8,91 Lalitpur 79,875 1.54 2,13 3,02 Bhaktapur 48,472 0,59 1,60 1,89 Kathmandu 235,160 1,59 2.17 4.47 Hetauda 34,792 7,65 Birgunj 43,642 0,88 1,88 12,11** Pokbara 46,642 13.37** 8,17 'l'ansen 13,125 2.25 7.13 Siddharthanagar 31,119 5,88 Butwal 22,583 5,66 Nepalgunj 34,015 4.75 3,97 3,69 * The very high growth of Biratnagar is partly due to the change in its boundary and partly due to heavy influx of Nepalese refugee from Burma, Assam (India) and Pakistan. ** The high growth rate in Pokhara and Birgunj is due to the incorporation of more rural areas into the town panchayat boundary. Source: Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) ,Population Censuses of 1952/54, 1961, 1971 & 1981.
171 units i.e., towns, it is diffieul t to decompose the growth of urban areas into each component. However, an attempt to understand the process of growth of towns may be very much helpful in urban growth patterns. Among the 8 towns which registel:ed a continuous growth over successive decades, Kathmandu, capital city of Nepal, is one among them. This is the only prime city of Nepal which has more than one lakh population. In spite of being the focal point of socio-economic development, locus of political and economic powers and centre for education and administJ:ation, the growth rate of Kathmandu city until 1970s was relatively slow. The main reason was that the city specially the inner city had approached the saturation point in providing housing and tbel:e was less and less space left every year for additional housing. However, the growth rate has been much higher in the outer city and in the fl:inge al:eas (Joshi, 1974). During 1971-81, Kathmandu city picked up its momentwn in annual gl:owth rate which stood at 4.47 per cent compal:ed to 2.17 pel: cent during 1961-71. The pl:obable l:eason for high growth could be the merger of the outer
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PATTERNS OF POPULATION GROWTH IN NE
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DECLARATION ----------- I hereby de
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I acknowledge my gratitude to the I
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CON TEN T S ACKNO\tv"LEDGEMENT LIST
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vi Page CHAPTER VIII: LEVELS OF SOC
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viii Table No. 5.4 5.5 Rate of Tota
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Map No. LIST OF MAPS Page 3.1 Nepal
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Backgrou
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3 of 3.2 per cent per annum. What i
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5 level has increased and per cent
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., components of population growth
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9 with reference to specific compon
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11 Chapter Eight examines the patte
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CHAPTER II ME'lHOOOWGY In the prese
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14 (ii) '!he number of children bor
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16 development. 21 indicators have
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figures wi thin the same ecological
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20 2.3 Techniques of Analysis: In t
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economic development is that it doe
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CliAPTER III POPULATION GROH'lH IN
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25 (ii) the Hill region, and (iii)
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27 Nepal has an ethnically complex
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29 end of the 16th Century. Similar
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31 ferm or the other prevailed even
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I 33 ~ , 3.4 Population in the Pres
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1 SEC UeRJRY 8 lNG 6 l()RE A~. N _.
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Natural Regions Area in Percent Pop
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39 From the table it is also eviden
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QiAPTER IV BEHAVIOUR OF THE COMPONE
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42 techniques to obtain plausible e
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., deaths which occurred during the
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46 Gubhaju's estimates of 42.9 for
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48 such as doctors, nurses and m1d\
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'" , f 50 ., ~ .( 4.2 Fertility 2a.
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52 In order to obtain the most plau
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Table 4,31 Age-~ecific Fertili~ Rat
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56 ~le 4.41 l-'!ean Number of Child
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58 singulate mean age at marriage f
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TaJ:Ue 4.:>1 percengge D1Stl10UCIOi
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62 Table 4.6: Percentage of Current
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.A.g....., ... 'Q" -...,. .......::
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66 survey conducted in 1983 reveale
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68 A survey conducted in 1983 revea
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CHAPTER V REGIONAL PATTERNS OF POPU
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71 5.1 Patterns of Population Gro\l
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73 regions, Hill region has experie
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./'J" r~·· l." /w EST E! ~ N ~. "
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77 Annual Intercensal Gro~th Rate (
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79 All the three sub-regions in Ter
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81 been considered as a representat
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83 deaths duzing 1971-81 were again
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85 Table 5.3: Rate of Total Increas
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87 Table 5.3 (contd •• ) 51. No
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89 Table 5.4: Rate of Total Increas
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91 in Central Mountain. It should b
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93 Across regions the RTI varies fr
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- 1 1 i !; ~ I I ] :! . 0 a 0 • ~
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MAP £0.4 . . . ... . . . . ,-. ~:.
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Type Patterns of Population Change
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101 Entire Terai, Central and Weste
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103 From the above discussion it is
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CHAPTER VI LEVELS OF AGRICULTURAL D
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106 population growth and its compo
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108 changes in life style together:
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110 2. Agricultural development lea
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112 area (Seetharam,1971; Rao and S
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114 natu~al inc~ease in population
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116 rate due to the increase in agr
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118 mechanization has a negative ef
Page 139 and 140: 120 A Study by Mitra and Mukherji (
Page 141 and 142: 122 required by the industrial sect
Page 143 and 144: 124 thus showing an addition of 1,1
Page 145 and 146: 126 Census of Agriculture in 1981 s
Page 147 and 148: Ind:1cators 1961_62 a 1964-6S b 196
Page 149 and 150: 130 6.6 Selection of Indicators of
Page 151 and 152: Tab1e 6.21 Rotated Factor ~oad~ngs
Page 153 and 154: 134 development of the district aro
Page 155 and 156: 136 categories based on first facto
Page 157 and 158: Z5!E!5!:::E" '01:::11_ E;P:.:;;;aIC
Page 159 and 160: 140 respectively. Thus, it may be s
Page 161 and 162: 142 exhibiting high levels of agric
Page 163 and 164: 144 In order to substantiate our fi
Page 165 and 166: 146 natural increase, rate of net m
Page 167 and 168: 148 Appendix 6-1 (contd •• ) 1
Page 169 and 170: CHAPTER VII PATTERNS OF URBAN POPUL
Page 171 and 172: - 151 The objective of this chapter
Page 173 and 174: 153 economies of scale in many econ
Page 175 and 176: 155 7.3 Empirical Findings f;om Oth
Page 177 and 178: 157 Zarate (1967) used the Mexican
Page 179 and 180: 159 (ii) industrial development and
Page 181 and 182: '161 7.4 Levels and Trends of Urban
Page 183 and 184: .:. 163 Table 7.1: Percentage Distr
Page 185 and 186: 165 in a given size class of cities
Page 187 and 188: 167 compared to other size classes
Page 189: 169 7.5 Growth of Towns: The number
Page 193 and 194: 173 recorded a highest annual growt
Page 195 and 196: 175 A fe\-l more towns are also exp
Page 197 and 198: 177 (ii) Mining, (iii) Manufacturin
Page 199 and 200: 179 fo~ce to each of the ~emaining
Page 201 and 202: 181 Table 7!4: Towns Functional Cla
Page 203 and 204: 183 patterns of urban population gr
Page 205 and 206: 185 making transport as a separate
Page 207 and 208: 187 one town falling in the multifu
Page 209 and 210: CHAPTER VI I I LEVELS OF SOCIO-ECON
Page 211 and 212: 190 Based on conceptual framework,
Page 213 and 214: 192 will lead to reduction in ferti
Page 215 and 216: 194 couple due to the uncertainties
Page 217 and 218: 196 It has been widely accepted tha
Page 219 and 220: 198 redistribution of population fr
Page 221 and 222: 200 an inverse relationship between
Page 223 and 224: 202 A large number of studies have
Page 225 and 226: 204 Farooq and Tuncer (1974) while
Page 227 and 228: 206 increasing use of contraceptive
Page 229 and 230: 208 Yang and Pendleton (1980) in th
Page 231 and 232: 210 explained by levels of economic
Page 233 and 234: 212 this was mostly explained by hi
Page 235 and 236: 214 negative association between in
Page 237 and 238: 216 However, considerable changes h
Page 239 and 240: 218 Table 8.1 (contd •• ) Indic
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220 11(b) 11(c) Ram Bahadur K.C. "D
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222 very common, epidemic disease l
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224 due to its physical setting int
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226 1. Cultivated area per agricult
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Tab1e 8.21 Rotated Factor Load~n95
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Tab~e 8.21 (contd •• ) I Variab
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232 which record low/negative facto
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- ,..r: .... ::. .: ...... . - / ..
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Table 8Ll' Distribution of District
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238 8.8 Socio-Economic Development
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240 levels of socio-economic develo
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242 Our above findings have been fu
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244 coefficients bet\veen Factor 2
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246 APPENDIX 8·1 (contd •• ) 1
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248 APPENDIX 8·.1 (contd •••
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CHAPTER IX SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
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251 Many studies have examined the
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253 increase in the supply of piped
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255 net migration. Based on the var
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257 was in the expected direction s
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259 need for reducing the dispariti
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261 cross-national analysis, United
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Table 9.1 (contd •• ) 1 2 3 4 5
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265 uphill task in Nepal. Thus, acc
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267 areas. Family planning alone ma
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
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(ii) Berlson,B. and Mauldin,W.Parke
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(iv) Central Bureau of Statistics (
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D'Souza,Victor s. : (1983) Ekanem,I
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Gurung, Harkha (1981) Hagood,A.L. (
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Kirk,D. (1971) Kirkpatrick, Colonel
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McNicoll,G. and Singarimbun,M. (198
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(xiv) Poffenberger, Mark (1980) Pre
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(xvi) Sxikantan,K.S. (1977) Sxiniva
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Uni ted Nations (1979) ________ , (
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