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231 Around 37 per cent of the overall variance is explained by Factor 1 alone. This factor is represented (as indicated by high individual factor loadings) by nine variables: fertilizer consumption, workers in secondary and tertiary sector, employment in industrial establishments, number of industrial establishments, electricity consumed by industries, percentage urban, hospital beds, radio in use, and piped drinking water supply. Looking into the loadings of the variables, Factor 1 is identified as "industrial development/ modernization". Out of the 73 per cent of the overall variance, 17 per cent of the variance is explained by Factor 2. The five variables of this factor are: cultivated area, investment on farm mechanization and irrigation, cooperatives, use of high yielding varieties of seeds, and gross value of agricul tural output. All these variables represent the dimension of agricultural development. Thus Factor 2 represents "agricultural development". It should be noted here that the loadings of these variables are negative. In other words, districts
232 which record low/negative factor scores would be characterized by high degree of agricultural development and vice versa. Factor 3 has high loadings with three variables viz., cropping intensity, number of post offices, and number of commercial banks. These three variables are very much different from each other. However, this factor may be considered to represent a dimension of "infrastructural development". This factor represents 10 per cent of the overall variance. Factor 4 represents "educational· developmentN. The variables which record high loadings are literacy and enrolment rate. Factor 5 represents development of "transportation system". Only one variable which has high loading with this factor is surfaced road length. Factor 4 and Factor 5, however, represent only about 5 and 4.5 per cent of the overall varianc~, respectively. In the present chapter we have confined our analysis to first two factors (dimensions of socioeconomic development) - industrial development/ modernization and agricultural development.
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PATTERNS OF POPULATION GROWTH IN NE
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DECLARATION ----------- I hereby de
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I acknowledge my gratitude to the I
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CON TEN T S ACKNO\tv"LEDGEMENT LIST
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vi Page CHAPTER VIII: LEVELS OF SOC
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viii Table No. 5.4 5.5 Rate of Tota
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Map No. LIST OF MAPS Page 3.1 Nepal
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Backgrou
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3 of 3.2 per cent per annum. What i
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5 level has increased and per cent
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., components of population growth
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9 with reference to specific compon
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11 Chapter Eight examines the patte
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CHAPTER II ME'lHOOOWGY In the prese
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14 (ii) '!he number of children bor
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16 development. 21 indicators have
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figures wi thin the same ecological
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20 2.3 Techniques of Analysis: In t
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economic development is that it doe
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CliAPTER III POPULATION GROH'lH IN
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25 (ii) the Hill region, and (iii)
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27 Nepal has an ethnically complex
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29 end of the 16th Century. Similar
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31 ferm or the other prevailed even
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I 33 ~ , 3.4 Population in the Pres
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1 SEC UeRJRY 8 lNG 6 l()RE A~. N _.
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Natural Regions Area in Percent Pop
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39 From the table it is also eviden
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QiAPTER IV BEHAVIOUR OF THE COMPONE
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42 techniques to obtain plausible e
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., deaths which occurred during the
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46 Gubhaju's estimates of 42.9 for
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48 such as doctors, nurses and m1d\
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'" , f 50 ., ~ .( 4.2 Fertility 2a.
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52 In order to obtain the most plau
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Table 4,31 Age-~ecific Fertili~ Rat
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56 ~le 4.41 l-'!ean Number of Child
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58 singulate mean age at marriage f
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TaJ:Ue 4.:>1 percengge D1Stl10UCIOi
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62 Table 4.6: Percentage of Current
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.A.g....., ... 'Q" -...,. .......::
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66 survey conducted in 1983 reveale
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68 A survey conducted in 1983 revea
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CHAPTER V REGIONAL PATTERNS OF POPU
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71 5.1 Patterns of Population Gro\l
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73 regions, Hill region has experie
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./'J" r~·· l." /w EST E! ~ N ~. "
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77 Annual Intercensal Gro~th Rate (
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79 All the three sub-regions in Ter
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81 been considered as a representat
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83 deaths duzing 1971-81 were again
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85 Table 5.3: Rate of Total Increas
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87 Table 5.3 (contd •• ) 51. No
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89 Table 5.4: Rate of Total Increas
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91 in Central Mountain. It should b
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93 Across regions the RTI varies fr
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- 1 1 i !; ~ I I ] :! . 0 a 0 • ~
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MAP £0.4 . . . ... . . . . ,-. ~:.
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Type Patterns of Population Change
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101 Entire Terai, Central and Weste
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103 From the above discussion it is
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CHAPTER VI LEVELS OF AGRICULTURAL D
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106 population growth and its compo
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108 changes in life style together:
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110 2. Agricultural development lea
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112 area (Seetharam,1971; Rao and S
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114 natu~al inc~ease in population
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116 rate due to the increase in agr
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118 mechanization has a negative ef
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120 A Study by Mitra and Mukherji (
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122 required by the industrial sect
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124 thus showing an addition of 1,1
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126 Census of Agriculture in 1981 s
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Ind:1cators 1961_62 a 1964-6S b 196
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130 6.6 Selection of Indicators of
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Tab1e 6.21 Rotated Factor ~oad~ngs
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134 development of the district aro
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136 categories based on first facto
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Z5!E!5!:::E" '01:::11_ E;P:.:;;;aIC
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140 respectively. Thus, it may be s
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142 exhibiting high levels of agric
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144 In order to substantiate our fi
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146 natural increase, rate of net m
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148 Appendix 6-1 (contd •• ) 1
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CHAPTER VII PATTERNS OF URBAN POPUL
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- 151 The objective of this chapter
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153 economies of scale in many econ
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155 7.3 Empirical Findings f;om Oth
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157 Zarate (1967) used the Mexican
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159 (ii) industrial development and
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'161 7.4 Levels and Trends of Urban
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.:. 163 Table 7.1: Percentage Distr
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165 in a given size class of cities
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167 compared to other size classes
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169 7.5 Growth of Towns: The number
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171 units i.e., towns, it is diffie
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173 recorded a highest annual growt
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175 A fe\-l more towns are also exp
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177 (ii) Mining, (iii) Manufacturin
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179 fo~ce to each of the ~emaining
Page 201 and 202: 181 Table 7!4: Towns Functional Cla
Page 203 and 204: 183 patterns of urban population gr
Page 205 and 206: 185 making transport as a separate
Page 207 and 208: 187 one town falling in the multifu
Page 209 and 210: CHAPTER VI I I LEVELS OF SOCIO-ECON
Page 211 and 212: 190 Based on conceptual framework,
Page 213 and 214: 192 will lead to reduction in ferti
Page 215 and 216: 194 couple due to the uncertainties
Page 217 and 218: 196 It has been widely accepted tha
Page 219 and 220: 198 redistribution of population fr
Page 221 and 222: 200 an inverse relationship between
Page 223 and 224: 202 A large number of studies have
Page 225 and 226: 204 Farooq and Tuncer (1974) while
Page 227 and 228: 206 increasing use of contraceptive
Page 229 and 230: 208 Yang and Pendleton (1980) in th
Page 231 and 232: 210 explained by levels of economic
Page 233 and 234: 212 this was mostly explained by hi
Page 235 and 236: 214 negative association between in
Page 237 and 238: 216 However, considerable changes h
Page 239 and 240: 218 Table 8.1 (contd •• ) Indic
Page 241 and 242: 220 11(b) 11(c) Ram Bahadur K.C. "D
Page 243 and 244: 222 very common, epidemic disease l
Page 245 and 246: 224 due to its physical setting int
Page 247 and 248: 226 1. Cultivated area per agricult
Page 249 and 250: Tab1e 8.21 Rotated Factor Load~n95
Page 251: Tab~e 8.21 (contd •• ) I Variab
Page 255 and 256: - ,..r: .... ::. .: ...... . - / ..
Page 257 and 258: Table 8Ll' Distribution of District
Page 259 and 260: 238 8.8 Socio-Economic Development
Page 261 and 262: 240 levels of socio-economic develo
Page 263 and 264: 242 Our above findings have been fu
Page 265 and 266: 244 coefficients bet\veen Factor 2
Page 267 and 268: 246 APPENDIX 8·1 (contd •• ) 1
Page 269 and 270: 248 APPENDIX 8·.1 (contd •••
Page 271 and 272: CHAPTER IX SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
Page 273 and 274: 251 Many studies have examined the
Page 275 and 276: 253 increase in the supply of piped
Page 277 and 278: 255 net migration. Based on the var
Page 279 and 280: 257 was in the expected direction s
Page 281 and 282: 259 need for reducing the dispariti
Page 283 and 284: 261 cross-national analysis, United
Page 285 and 286: Table 9.1 (contd •• ) 1 2 3 4 5
Page 287 and 288: 265 uphill task in Nepal. Thus, acc
Page 289 and 290: 267 areas. Family planning alone ma
Page 291 and 292: BIBLIOGRAPHY
Page 293 and 294: (ii) Berlson,B. and Mauldin,W.Parke
Page 295 and 296: (iv) Central Bureau of Statistics (
Page 297 and 298: D'Souza,Victor s. : (1983) Ekanem,I
Page 299 and 300: Gurung, Harkha (1981) Hagood,A.L. (
Page 301 and 302: Kirk,D. (1971) Kirkpatrick, Colonel
Page 303 and 304:
McNicoll,G. and Singarimbun,M. (198
Page 305 and 306:
(xiv) Poffenberger, Mark (1980) Pre
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(xvi) Sxikantan,K.S. (1977) Sxiniva
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Uni ted Nations (1979) ________ , (
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