Global Steel Trade; Structural Problems and Future Solutions

104. Harry Thuedaus was recently recalled to work at Acme. Conversation with Gerald Shope, Vice President for
Personnel at Acme Steel on June 8, 2000.
105. President of Local 1657, Bill Alexander conversations with Department of Commerce officials at “Town Hall
Meeting” March 29, 2000, Riverdale, Illinois.
106. Mayor of Sterling, Illinois Ted Aggen, conversations with Department of Commerce officials at “Town Hall
Meeting” March 29, 2000, Riverdale, Illinois.
107. 6,240 steel workers were approved for trade adjustment assistance. Does not include workers in related
industries such as iron ore, taconite or further manufactured steel products. Fax from Don Beale, Department of Labor
dated March 7, 2000.
108. Although workers at Nucor did not face layoffs, they did see significant reductions in their paychecks.
According to Mike Parrish, Vice President/General Manager with Nucor Hickman:
Because of the slowdown, Nucor Hickman employees’ bonuses have been cut roughly in half. The bonuses
often account for about two-thirds of a paycheck. It’s painful because we are all on incentive bonuses based on
productivity or profits. But we’re not laying off anybody, and that’s the key thing.
“Consolidation, Restructuring, and Imports Lead to Layoffs and Production Cutbacks, Steelmakers Say,” New
Steel, October 1998, accessed on September 1, 1999.
109. Steel imports fell sharply in December, in response to the early critical circumstances decision in the hotrolled
steel investigations. This fall in imports was not known until the release of the preliminary steel statistics in late
January.
Chapter 3
3.1 Russia
1. Russian President Boris Yeltsin’s annual address to the Federal Assembly, “Russia on the Threshold of
Centuries” (March 30, 1999) quoted in Clifford Gaddy and Barry W. Ickes, “Stability and Disorder: An Evolutionary
Analysis of Russia’s Virtual Economy” (prepared for a study entitled Russia in the 21st Century organized by the
Berkeley Program in Post-Soviet Studies for the Carnegie Corporation, November 1999), 1. Barry W. Ickes home page
available from http://econ.la.psu.edu/~bickes/index.htm; Internet, accessed March 7, 2000.
2. Andrew Kotas, “Perspectives on the Evolution of Steel Consuming End-Use Industries in Russia,”
presentation to the Adam Smith Institute (London, February 24, 1998).
3. Peter F. Marcus and Karlis M. Kirsis, World Steel Dynamics Monitor Report, Russian Steel: Not to be
Underestimated (Paine Webber, April 1997), 6.
4. Theoretically, as the command economy was moving towards a market economy, steel consumption may have
gone down, in part, due to the more efficient use of steel inputs as downstream consumers increasingly reacted to
market pricing signals.
5. InfoMine Research Group, Market Analysis Research of the Russian Steel Industry, prepared for the U.S.
Department of Commerce (Moscow, January 2000), 21. [Hereinafter referred to as InfoMine-Russia]
6. Central Intelligence Agency, The World Fact Book 1999, CIA Web site available from http://www.odci.gov/
cia/publications/factbook/index.htm; Internet, accessed April 2000.
7. Marcus and Kirsis, “Russian Steel,” 5.
8. Representative of Safin GmbH, telephone interview by U.S. Embassy officials , June 2000.
9. Marcus and Kirsis, “Russian Steel,” 5
10. Metal Bulletin Research Ltd. and InfoMine, A Profile of the Steel Industry in the CIS (December 1997), 8;
InfoMine-Russia, 22. [Hereinafter Metal Bulletin Research Ltd. and InfoMine-CIS]
11. Ibid., 21.
12. Electric locomotives, diesel engines, goods vans, coaches, combines, forge-and-extruding machines, metalcutting
machine tools, large electric machines, electric engines of alternative current, tractors, tractor trailers, trucks,
passenger cars, scrapers, buses, bulldozers, excavators, tower cranes, graders, rolling bearings. Ibid.,10.
13. Ibid.,10.
14. International Iron and Steel Institute, Steel Statistical Yearbook 1998, (Committee on Economic Studies,
Brussels, December 1998), 25–27.
15. U.S. Department of Commerce estimate derived from: Peter F. Marcus and Karlis M. Kirsis, World Steel
Dynamics, Global Steel Mill Product Matrix: 1986 to 1998 2010 Forecast Core Report NNN (Englewood Cliffs, Nj,
January 2000),17; Peter F. Marcus and Karlis M. Kirsis, World Steel Dynamics, Global Steelmaking: Supply/Demand
Notes 197