Teacher Education and Development Study in Mathematics - IEA

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PART 2: FINLAND 83 years of experience earned about 2,700. On average, the total average income a teacher could expect to receive in 2001 comprised the basic salary (71%), various incremental payments (19%), and overtime wages (10%). Teacher salaries are generally lower than the salaries of other professions in the private sector. Furthermore, as the education level increases, the difference in salaries between private and municipal sectors correspondingly widens. In 2001, state civil servants with a Master’s degree earned, on average, about 2,890 per month. This amount was slightly higher than the average salary of teachers teaching a particular subject and 500 more than teachers teaching within basic education. Overall, the pay of Finnish teachers is below the OECD average (OECD, 2003). Santavirta, Aittola, Niskanen, Pasanen, Tuominen, and Solovieva (2001) found that primary and lower-secondary school teachers were working an average of 39 hours per week, regardless of gender, while upper-secondary school teachers were working an average of 42.5 hours per week. Tables 23 and 24 set out the median monthly earnings (in euros) in 1997 and 2004 for three groups: male and female teachers with Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees, science and engineering professionals, and associated professionals. The tables show salaries for secondary school teachers only. However, Figures 19 and 20 show earnings for all teachers (including secondary) as well as for science and engineering professionals, excluding associated professionals. Because almost all young teachers now obtain Master’s degrees, the figures show the comparative earnings for holders of these degrees only. Table 23: Finland, Monthly Median Earnings, by Gender, Education, Age, and Occupation, 1997 (1997 euros) Males with Bachelor’s Degree, 1997 Females with Bachelor’s Degree, 1997 Age Science/Eng Profs Secondary All Other Science/Eng Profs Secondary All Other & Assoc Profs Teachers Occupations & Assoc Profs Teachers Occupations 20–24 1,682 1,562 1,630 1,350 1,388 25–29 1,906 1,763 1,774 1,825 1,444 1,514 30–34 2,186 2,049 2,248 1,949 1,578 1,690 35–44 2,456 2,342 2,748 2,241 2,162 1,874 45–54 2,719 2,589 3,117 2,460 2,400 2,004 55–64 2,811 2,637 3,290 1,997 2,436 2,000 Males with Postgraduate Degree, 1997 Females with Postgraduate Degree, 1997 Age Science/Eng Profs Secondary All Other Science/Eng Profs Secondary All Other & Assoc Profs Teachers Occupations & Assoc Profs Teachers Occupations 20–24 2,018 1,947 1,766 1,934 1,835 1,594 25–29 2,271 1,950 2,037 2,102 1,884 1,850 30–34 2,581 2,099 2,523 2,314 2,057 2,088 35–44 2,973 2,450 3,126 2,607 2,,338 2,456 45–54 3,216 2,834 3,491 2,761 2,617 2,546 55–64 3,448 2,832 3,713 2,857 2,679 2,687 Source: Estimates computed by Statistics Finland from data collected on wages and salaries in Finland (see http://www.stat.fi/tup/suoluk/index_en.html).
84 TEACHER PAY AND STUDENT MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT Table 24: Finland, Monthly Median Earnings, by Gender, Education, Age, and Occupation, 2004 (2004 euros) Males with Bachelor’s Degree, 2004 Females with Bachelor’s Degree, 2004 Age Science/Eng Profs Secondary All Other Science/Eng Profs Secondary All Other & Assoc Profs Teachers Occupations & Assoc Profs Teachers Occupations 20–24 2,120 2,029 1,794 25–29 2,620 2,361 2,257 2,445 2,212 1,949 30–34 2,864 2,542 2,675 2,635 2,273 2,067 35–44 3,174 2,904 3,358 2,838 2,609 2,168 45–54 3,270 3,166 3,677 3,011 2,998 2,434 55–64 3,399 3,199 3,813 3,185 3,044 2,597 Males with Postgraduate Degree, 2004 Females with Postgraduate Degree, 2004 Age Science/Eng Profs Secondary All Other Science/Eng Profs Secondary All Other & Assoc Profs Teachers Occupations & Assoc Profs Teachers Occupations 20–24 1,814 1,945 25–29 3,015 2,638 2,913 2,790 2,504 2,463 30–34 3,342 2,753 3,500 3,011 2,611 2,764 35–44 3,773 3,059 4,020 3,311 2,896 3,087 45–54 3,947 3,454 4,390 3,464 3,297 3,382 55–64 4,069 3,511 4,548 3,527 3,315 3,339 Source: Estimates computed by Statistics Finland from data collected on wages and salaries in Finland (see http://www.stat.fi/tup/suoluk/index_en.html). Figure 19: Finland, Monthly Median Earnings of Males with Master’s Degree, by Age and Occupation, 2004 5,000 Monthly Earnings (2004 euros) 4,500 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–44 45–54 55–64 Age Group Teachers Secondary Teachers Science/Engineer Professionals All Other Occupations Science/Engineer Professionals & Associated Professionals
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