Introduction to SAT II Physics - FreeExamPapers

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3. C The formula for centripetal acceleration is ac = v /r 2 . As you can see, mass has no influence on centripetal acceleration. If you got this question wrong, you were probably thinking of the formula for centripetal force: F = mv 2 /r. Much like the acceleration due to gravity, centripetal acceleration is independent of the mass of the accelerating object. 4. E The centripetal acceleration of the block is given by the equation a = 2 /R, where is the velocity of the bullet-block system after the collision. We can calculate the value for by applying the law of conservation of linear momentum. The momentum of the bullet before it strikes the block is p = mv . After it strikes the block, the bullet-block system has a momentum of another, we find: . Setting these two equations equal to one If we substitute into the equation , we find: 5. C The rotating wheel exerts a centripetal force on the pebble. That means that, initially, the pebble is drawn directly upward toward the center of the wheel. 6. A Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation tells us that the gravitational force between two objects is directly proportional to the masses of those two objects, and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. If that distance is doubled, then the gravitational force is divided by four. 7. E 180
Circumference and radius are related by the formula C = 2πr , so if the circumference of the earth were halved, so would the radius. The acceleration due to gravity at the surface of the earth is given by the formula: where M is the mass of the earth. This is just a different version Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation, where both sides of the equation are divided by m , the mass of the falling object. From this formula, we can see that a is inversely proportional to r 2 . If the value of a is normally g , the value of a when r is halved must be 4g . 8. B To get a formula that relates orbital velocity and orbital radius, we need to equate the formulas for gravitational force and centripetal force, and then solve for v : From this formula, we can see that velocity is inversely proportional to the square root of r . If r is doubled, is multiplied by . v 9. A We can apply the law of conservation of energy to calculate that the object’s change in potential energy is equal to its change in kinetic energy. The potential energy of an object of mass m at a distance from a planet of mass M is U = – GMm/r . The change in potential energy for the object is: This change in potential energy represents the object’s total kinetic energy, KE = 1 / 2 mv 2 , when it hits the Earth. Equating change in potential energy and total kinetic energy, we can solve for v : 181
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SATII PHYSICS (FROM SPARKNOTES.COM)
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The Good • Because SAT II Subject
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Which SAT II Subject Tests to Take
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After grumbling, however, you still
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Waves 15-19% 11-15 Waves 10% 7-8 Op
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negative, so E, and not A, is the c
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including them anyway because it’
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Two positively charged particles, o
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will a visual representation reliev
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Physics Hint 6: Be Flexible Knowing
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There are a number of ways to label
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Adding Parallel Vectors If the vect
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The result of multiplying A by c is
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neither parallel nor perpendicular.
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Suppose the hands on a clock are ve
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Vector Addition Practice Questions
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2. A The vector 2A has a magnitude
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path, Alan has traveled a much grea
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school student called Andrea. Andre
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centimeters to the left of its star
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We can learn two things about the a
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Acceleration vs. Time Graphs After
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The variable represents the object
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Note that there are certain conveni
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1. . An athlete runs four laps of a
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10. . A woman runs 40 m to the nort
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We know the total distance the spri
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Principles of Natural Philosophy. I
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The component form of Newton’s Se
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e in the direction. And since the s
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which reflects its resistance to be
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In the diagram above, the weight an
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A student pushes a box that weighs
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1. . Each of the figures below show
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7. . In the figure above, a person
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Since the block is motionless, the
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When we are told that a person push
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EXAMPLE A water balloon of mass m i
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The graph above plots the force exe
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Though energy is always measured in
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there is a negative amount of work
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smallest. The answer to question 3
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Mechanical Energy Average Power Ins
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to a height of 8 m over a time of 4
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8. C When the book reaches the pers
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determining what those right number
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the ground. The system is initially
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calculators, you almost certainly w
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and minimize M.” With such a ques
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2. WHAT IS THE ACCELERATION OF THE
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Adding these two equations together
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force of friction: . Using Newton
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m, placed on a frictionless surface
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Frequency is given in units of cycl
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of the spring due to the gravitatio
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The oscillation of a pendulum is mu
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Velocity Calculating the velocity o
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Practice Questions 1. . Two masses,
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7. . An object of mass 3 kg is atta
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Since the system is in equilibrium,
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velocity, v. Linear momentum is den
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Conservation of Momentum If we comb
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As we might expect, the final veloc
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A pool player hits the eight ball,
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Page 131 and 132: For a System of Two Particles For a
Page 133 and 134: At the front end of the boat, the f
Page 135 and 136: 4. . A scattering experiment is don
Page 137 and 138: 1. B The athlete imparts a certain
Page 139 and 140: 7. E Momentum is conserved in this
Page 141 and 142: The diver’s translational motion
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Page 145 and 146: elative position to one another. As
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Page 149 and 150: To find the direction of a rigid bo
Page 151 and 152: A student exerts a force of 50 N on
Page 153 and 154: The torque that produces the angula
Page 155 and 156: The masses in the figure above are
Page 157 and 158: an object sliding down a frictionle
Page 159 and 160: Velocity Average Angular Accelerati
Page 161 and 162: 3. . What is the direction of the a
Page 163 and 164: 1. D An object that experiences 120
Page 165 and 166: At the top of the incline, the disk
Page 167 and 168: from a Latin word meaning “center
Page 169 and 170: Newton’s Law of Universal Gravita
Page 171 and 172: when you are beneath the surface of
Page 173 and 174: EXAMPLE A satellite of mass is laun
Page 175 and 176: Kepler’s Laws After poring over t
Page 177 and 178: Practice Questions Questions 1-3 re
Page 179: 8. . A satellite orbits the Earth a
Page 183 and 184: learn how heat is transferred from
Page 185 and 186: heat, like rubber, have a high spec
Page 187 and 188: Just as specific heat tells us how
Page 189 and 190: Conduction is the transfer of heat
Page 191 and 192: Effectively, this equation tells us
Page 193 and 194: the way that it does. The Laws of T
Page 195 and 196: There are a number of equivalent fo
Page 197 and 198: If we know our formulas, this probl
Page 199 and 200: 5. . An ideal gas is enclosed in a
Page 201 and 202: Asphalt, like most materials, has a
Page 203 and 204: The things we call atoms today are
Page 205 and 206: If they come up on SAT II Physics,
Page 207 and 208: will move in the opposite direction
Page 209 and 210: Work The work done to move a charge
Page 211 and 212: Much like gravitational potential e
Page 213 and 214: 3. . A particle of charge +2q exert
Page 215 and 216: 7. . A particle of charge +q is a d
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Page 219 and 220: Voltage The batteries we use in fla
Page 221 and 222: This equation tells us that we can
Page 223 and 224: If the two variables you know are a
Page 225 and 226: However, each resistor causes a vol
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Page 229 and 230: Consider again the circuit whose to
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This circuit consists of resistors
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The junction rule deals with “jun
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across the loop. We can express the
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capacitance is halved. The proporti
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The Greek letter is called the diel
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4. . Two resistors, and , are ident
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10. . A dielectric is inserted into
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The equivalent capacitance of two c
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The Earth itself acts like a huge b
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Because the velocity vector and the
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A particle with a positive charge o
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The constant is called the permeabi
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1. . The pointer on a compass is th
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7. . A positively charged particle
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1. B To solve this problem, it is h
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If the particle is to move at a con
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flowing in the counterclockwise dir
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Next, let’s calculate the flux th
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Remember that field lines come out
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Magnetic Flux Faraday’s Law / Len
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5. . A wire carrying 5.0 V is appli
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In this equation, A is the amplitud
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Ernst attaches a stretched string t
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A string is tied to a pole at one e
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other. The principle of superpositi
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Nodes The crests and troughs of a s
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The Doppler Effect So far we have o
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Practice Questions 1. . Which of th
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6. . Two pulses travel along a stri
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1. B Simple harmonic motion is defi
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where and are the frequency heard b
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A higher frequency—and thus a sho
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The phenomenon of refraction result
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Since we know that the ratio of / i
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The four basic kinds of optical ins
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You can test all this yourself with
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Because is a positive number, we kn
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As the diagram shows us, and as the
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At any point P on the back screen,
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Note that the pattern is brightest
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One of the more common ways of test
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3. . When the orange light passes f
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9. . Sound waves do not exhibit pol
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7. E Only concave mirrors and conve
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For people who believed that light
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What does this all mean? Time is re
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A spaceship flying toward the Earth
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Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment
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The Wave Theory of Electromagnetic
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The Problem with Rutherford’s Mod
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Don’t worry: you don’t need to
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A hydrogen atom is energized so tha
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where is the uncertainty in a parti
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electrons have mass, it is so negli
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chapters on mechanics are the resul
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You won’t need to calculate the n
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Photoelectro n Radius of Electron O
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5. . An electron is accelerated thr
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according to the formula , where l
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In radioactive substances, the numb
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A scale for measuring temperature,
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The points of maximum displacement
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Electromagnetic spectrum The spectr
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The amount of time it takes for one
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Given the period, T, and semimajor
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The substance that is displaced as
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A back-and-forth movement about an
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Refracted ray Refraction Restoring
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T Tail Tangent A body or set of bod
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Weber Weight The force involved in
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pinpointing what you need to study
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If you got a question wrong because
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