Introduction to SAT II Physics - FreeExamPapers

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Applications Electromagnetic induction is important to humans because it is useful. SAT II Physics has been known to ask questions about real-world applications of electromagnetic induction. The two most common applications are the electric generator and the transformer. The Electric Generator The electric generator, sometimes called a “dynamo,” is a noisy favorite at outdoor events that need electricity. It uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to convert mechanical energy—usually in the form of a gas-powered motor—into electrical energy. A coil in the generator rotates in a magnetic field. As the magnetic flux through the coil changes, it induces an emf, creating a current. The Transformer The transformer converts current of one voltage to current of another voltage. A simple transformer consists of two coils wrapped around an iron core. Transformers rely on the property of mutual induction: the change in current in one coil induces an emf in another coil. The coil with the applied current is called the primary coil, and the coil with the induced emf is called the secondary coil. The induced emf is related to the emf in the primary coil by the number of turns in each coil: Outside a power plant, a “step-up” transformer, whose primary coil has fewer turns than its secondary coil, increases the voltage (emf) of the current that is transported along power lines. Then, before the power enters your house, a “step-down” transformer, whose secondary coil has fewer turns than its primary coil, reduces the voltage. The higher voltage on power lines cutting across the countryside allows more electricity to be transported quickly to urban centers. The lower voltage within your house renders the electricity safer. Key Formulas Motional Emf 268
Magnetic Flux Faraday’s Law / Lenz’s Law Emf Induced in a Transforme r Practice Questions 1. . A bar magnet is moving downward, south pole first, toward a loop of wire. Which of the following best describes the current induced in the wire? (A) Clockwise, as viewed from above (B) Counterclockwise, as viewed from above (C) The current alternates (D) There is no current induced in the wire (E) The direction of the current cannot be determined from the information given here 269
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SATII PHYSICS (FROM SPARKNOTES.COM)
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The Good • Because SAT II Subject
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Which SAT II Subject Tests to Take
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After grumbling, however, you still
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Waves 15-19% 11-15 Waves 10% 7-8 Op
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negative, so E, and not A, is the c
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including them anyway because it’
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Two positively charged particles, o
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will a visual representation reliev
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Physics Hint 6: Be Flexible Knowing
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There are a number of ways to label
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Adding Parallel Vectors If the vect
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The result of multiplying A by c is
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neither parallel nor perpendicular.
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Suppose the hands on a clock are ve
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Vector Addition Practice Questions
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2. A The vector 2A has a magnitude
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path, Alan has traveled a much grea
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school student called Andrea. Andre
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centimeters to the left of its star
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We can learn two things about the a
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Acceleration vs. Time Graphs After
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The variable represents the object
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Note that there are certain conveni
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1. . An athlete runs four laps of a
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10. . A woman runs 40 m to the nort
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We know the total distance the spri
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Principles of Natural Philosophy. I
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The component form of Newton’s Se
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e in the direction. And since the s
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which reflects its resistance to be
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In the diagram above, the weight an
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A student pushes a box that weighs
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1. . Each of the figures below show
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7. . In the figure above, a person
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Since the block is motionless, the
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When we are told that a person push
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EXAMPLE A water balloon of mass m i
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The graph above plots the force exe
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Though energy is always measured in
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there is a negative amount of work
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smallest. The answer to question 3
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Mechanical Energy Average Power Ins
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to a height of 8 m over a time of 4
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8. C When the book reaches the pers
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determining what those right number
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the ground. The system is initially
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calculators, you almost certainly w
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and minimize M.” With such a ques
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2. WHAT IS THE ACCELERATION OF THE
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Adding these two equations together
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force of friction: . Using Newton
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m, placed on a frictionless surface
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Frequency is given in units of cycl
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of the spring due to the gravitatio
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The oscillation of a pendulum is mu
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Velocity Calculating the velocity o
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Practice Questions 1. . Two masses,
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7. . An object of mass 3 kg is atta
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Since the system is in equilibrium,
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velocity, v. Linear momentum is den
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Conservation of Momentum If we comb
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As we might expect, the final veloc
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A pool player hits the eight ball,
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two-dimensional collision is effect
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For a System of Two Particles For a
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At the front end of the boat, the f
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4. . A scattering experiment is don
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1. B The athlete imparts a certain
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7. E Momentum is conserved in this
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The diver’s translational motion
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30 π/6 45 π/4 60 π/3 90 π/2 180
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elative position to one another. As
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acceleration given its angular velo
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To find the direction of a rigid bo
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A student exerts a force of 50 N on
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The torque that produces the angula
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The masses in the figure above are
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an object sliding down a frictionle
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Velocity Average Angular Accelerati
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3. . What is the direction of the a
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1. D An object that experiences 120
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At the top of the incline, the disk
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from a Latin word meaning “center
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Newton’s Law of Universal Gravita
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when you are beneath the surface of
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EXAMPLE A satellite of mass is laun
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Kepler’s Laws After poring over t
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Practice Questions Questions 1-3 re
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8. . A satellite orbits the Earth a
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Circumference and radius are relate
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learn how heat is transferred from
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heat, like rubber, have a high spec
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Just as specific heat tells us how
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Conduction is the transfer of heat
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Effectively, this equation tells us
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the way that it does. The Laws of T
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There are a number of equivalent fo
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If we know our formulas, this probl
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5. . An ideal gas is enclosed in a
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Asphalt, like most materials, has a
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The things we call atoms today are
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If they come up on SAT II Physics,
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will move in the opposite direction
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Work The work done to move a charge
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Much like gravitational potential e
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3. . A particle of charge +2q exert
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7. . A particle of charge +q is a d
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Page 219 and 220: Voltage The batteries we use in fla
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Page 233 and 234: The junction rule deals with “jun
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Page 241 and 242: 4. . Two resistors, and , are ident
Page 243 and 244: 10. . A dielectric is inserted into
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Page 255 and 256: 1. . The pointer on a compass is th
Page 257 and 258: 7. . A positively charged particle
Page 259 and 260: 1. B To solve this problem, it is h
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Page 265 and 266: Next, let’s calculate the flux th
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Page 279 and 280: other. The principle of superpositi
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Page 283 and 284: The Doppler Effect So far we have o
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For people who believed that light
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What does this all mean? Time is re
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A spaceship flying toward the Earth
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Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment
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The Wave Theory of Electromagnetic
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The Problem with Rutherford’s Mod
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Don’t worry: you don’t need to
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A hydrogen atom is energized so tha
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where is the uncertainty in a parti
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electrons have mass, it is so negli
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chapters on mechanics are the resul
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You won’t need to calculate the n
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Photoelectro n Radius of Electron O
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5. . An electron is accelerated thr
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according to the formula , where l
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In radioactive substances, the numb
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A scale for measuring temperature,
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The points of maximum displacement
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Electromagnetic spectrum The spectr
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The amount of time it takes for one
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Given the period, T, and semimajor
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The substance that is displaced as
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A back-and-forth movement about an
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Refracted ray Refraction Restoring
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T Tail Tangent A body or set of bod
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Weber Weight The force involved in
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pinpointing what you need to study
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If you got a question wrong because
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