Introduction to SAT II Physics - FreeExamPapers

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your fingers via the small angle toward the second vector, B. If B is in a clockwise direction from A, you’ll find you have to flip your hand over to make this work. The direction in which your thumb is pointing is the direction of , and the direction of . Note that you curl your fingers from A to B because the cross product is . If it were written , you would have to curl your fingers from B to A, and your thumb would point downward. The order in which you write the two terms of a cross product matters a great deal. If you are right-handed, be careful! While you are working hard on SAT II Physics, you may be tempted to use your left hand instead of your right hand to calculate a cross product. Don’t do this. EXAMPLE Suppose once again that the minute hand of a clock is a vector of magnitude 4 and the hour hand is a vector of magnitude 2. If, at 5 o’clock, one were to take the cross product of the minute hand hour hand, what would the resultant vector be? the First of all, let’s calculate the magnitude of the cross product vector. The angle between the hour hand and the minute hand is 150º: Using the right-hand rule, you’ll find that, by curling the fingers of your right hand from 12 o’clock toward 5 o’clock, your thumb points in toward the clock. So the resultant vector has a magnitude of 4 and points into the clock. Key Formulas Dot Product Cross Product Magnitude Direction X-, Y- Components 30
Vector Addition Practice Questions 1. . Which of the following vectors best represents the vector A + B? (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) 2. . Vector A has a magnitude of 5 in the leftward direction and B has a magnitude of 2 in the rightward direction. What is the value of 2A – B? (A) 12 in the leftward direction (B) 10 in the leftward direction (C) 8 in the leftward direction (D) 8 in the rightward direction (E) 12 in the rightward direction 31
Page 1 and 2: SATII PHYSICS (FROM SPARKNOTES.COM)
Page 3 and 4: The Good • Because SAT II Subject
Page 5 and 6: Which SAT II Subject Tests to Take
Page 7 and 8: After grumbling, however, you still
Page 9 and 10: Waves 15-19% 11-15 Waves 10% 7-8 Op
Page 11 and 12: negative, so E, and not A, is the c
Page 13 and 14: including them anyway because it’
Page 15 and 16: Two positively charged particles, o
Page 17 and 18: will a visual representation reliev
Page 19 and 20: Physics Hint 6: Be Flexible Knowing
Page 21 and 22: There are a number of ways to label
Page 23 and 24: Adding Parallel Vectors If the vect
Page 25 and 26: The result of multiplying A by c is
Page 27 and 28: neither parallel nor perpendicular.
Page 29: Suppose the hands on a clock are ve
Page 33 and 34: 2. A The vector 2A has a magnitude
Page 35 and 36: path, Alan has traveled a much grea
Page 37 and 38: school student called Andrea. Andre
Page 39 and 40: centimeters to the left of its star
Page 41 and 42: We can learn two things about the a
Page 43 and 44: Acceleration vs. Time Graphs After
Page 45 and 46: The variable represents the object
Page 47 and 48: Note that there are certain conveni
Page 49 and 50: 1. . An athlete runs four laps of a
Page 51 and 52: 10. . A woman runs 40 m to the nort
Page 53 and 54: We know the total distance the spri
Page 55 and 56: Principles of Natural Philosophy. I
Page 57 and 58: The component form of Newton’s Se
Page 59 and 60: e in the direction. And since the s
Page 61 and 62: which reflects its resistance to be
Page 63 and 64: In the diagram above, the weight an
Page 65 and 66: A student pushes a box that weighs
Page 67 and 68: 1. . Each of the figures below show
Page 69 and 70: 7. . In the figure above, a person
Page 71 and 72: Since the block is motionless, the
Page 73 and 74: When we are told that a person push
Page 75 and 76: EXAMPLE A water balloon of mass m i
Page 77 and 78: The graph above plots the force exe
Page 79 and 80: Though energy is always measured in
Page 81 and 82:
there is a negative amount of work
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smallest. The answer to question 3
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Mechanical Energy Average Power Ins
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to a height of 8 m over a time of 4
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8. C When the book reaches the pers
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determining what those right number
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the ground. The system is initially
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calculators, you almost certainly w
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and minimize M.” With such a ques
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2. WHAT IS THE ACCELERATION OF THE
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Adding these two equations together
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force of friction: . Using Newton
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m, placed on a frictionless surface
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Frequency is given in units of cycl
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of the spring due to the gravitatio
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The oscillation of a pendulum is mu
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Velocity Calculating the velocity o
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Practice Questions 1. . Two masses,
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7. . An object of mass 3 kg is atta
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Since the system is in equilibrium,
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velocity, v. Linear momentum is den
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Conservation of Momentum If we comb
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As we might expect, the final veloc
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A pool player hits the eight ball,
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two-dimensional collision is effect
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For a System of Two Particles For a
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At the front end of the boat, the f
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4. . A scattering experiment is don
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1. B The athlete imparts a certain
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7. E Momentum is conserved in this
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The diver’s translational motion
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30 π/6 45 π/4 60 π/3 90 π/2 180
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elative position to one another. As
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acceleration given its angular velo
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To find the direction of a rigid bo
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A student exerts a force of 50 N on
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The torque that produces the angula
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The masses in the figure above are
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an object sliding down a frictionle
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Velocity Average Angular Accelerati
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3. . What is the direction of the a
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1. D An object that experiences 120
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At the top of the incline, the disk
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from a Latin word meaning “center
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Newton’s Law of Universal Gravita
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when you are beneath the surface of
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EXAMPLE A satellite of mass is laun
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Kepler’s Laws After poring over t
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Practice Questions Questions 1-3 re
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8. . A satellite orbits the Earth a
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Circumference and radius are relate
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learn how heat is transferred from
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heat, like rubber, have a high spec
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Just as specific heat tells us how
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Conduction is the transfer of heat
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Effectively, this equation tells us
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the way that it does. The Laws of T
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There are a number of equivalent fo
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If we know our formulas, this probl
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5. . An ideal gas is enclosed in a
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Asphalt, like most materials, has a
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The things we call atoms today are
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If they come up on SAT II Physics,
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will move in the opposite direction
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Work The work done to move a charge
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Much like gravitational potential e
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3. . A particle of charge +2q exert
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7. . A particle of charge +q is a d
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The vector sum of the three vectors
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Voltage The batteries we use in fla
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This equation tells us that we can
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If the two variables you know are a
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However, each resistor causes a vol
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So = 4 . WHAT IS THE CURRENT RUNNIN
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Consider again the circuit whose to
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This circuit consists of resistors
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The junction rule deals with “jun
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across the loop. We can express the
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capacitance is halved. The proporti
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The Greek letter is called the diel
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4. . Two resistors, and , are ident
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10. . A dielectric is inserted into
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The equivalent capacitance of two c
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The Earth itself acts like a huge b
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Because the velocity vector and the
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A particle with a positive charge o
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The constant is called the permeabi
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1. . The pointer on a compass is th
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7. . A positively charged particle
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1. B To solve this problem, it is h
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If the particle is to move at a con
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flowing in the counterclockwise dir
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Next, let’s calculate the flux th
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Remember that field lines come out
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Magnetic Flux Faraday’s Law / Len
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5. . A wire carrying 5.0 V is appli
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In this equation, A is the amplitud
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Ernst attaches a stretched string t
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A string is tied to a pole at one e
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other. The principle of superpositi
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Nodes The crests and troughs of a s
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The Doppler Effect So far we have o
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Practice Questions 1. . Which of th
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6. . Two pulses travel along a stri
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1. B Simple harmonic motion is defi
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where and are the frequency heard b
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A higher frequency—and thus a sho
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The phenomenon of refraction result
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Since we know that the ratio of / i
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The four basic kinds of optical ins
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You can test all this yourself with
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Because is a positive number, we kn
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As the diagram shows us, and as the
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At any point P on the back screen,
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Note that the pattern is brightest
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One of the more common ways of test
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3. . When the orange light passes f
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9. . Sound waves do not exhibit pol
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7. E Only concave mirrors and conve
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For people who believed that light
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What does this all mean? Time is re
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A spaceship flying toward the Earth
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Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment
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The Wave Theory of Electromagnetic
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The Problem with Rutherford’s Mod
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Don’t worry: you don’t need to
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A hydrogen atom is energized so tha
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where is the uncertainty in a parti
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electrons have mass, it is so negli
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chapters on mechanics are the resul
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You won’t need to calculate the n
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Photoelectro n Radius of Electron O
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5. . An electron is accelerated thr
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according to the formula , where l
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In radioactive substances, the numb
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A scale for measuring temperature,
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The points of maximum displacement
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Electromagnetic spectrum The spectr
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The amount of time it takes for one
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Given the period, T, and semimajor
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The substance that is displaced as
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A back-and-forth movement about an
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Refracted ray Refraction Restoring
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T Tail Tangent A body or set of bod
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Weber Weight The force involved in
Page 371 and 372:
pinpointing what you need to study
Page 373:
If you got a question wrong because
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