Promoting Resource Efficiency in Small & Medium size ... - UNEP

Raw material processed
Maize 40
Peas 40
Potatoes 40
Strawberries 60
Apples 90
All vegetables 130
Peaches 180
Broccoli 200
Carrots 200
Frozen peaches* 200
Solid waste produced per tonne
of product (kg)
Table 50: Solid waste produced during fruit and vegetable processing
* Product
Specific value per tonne of beet
processed
Total energy (kWh) consumed
Specific value per tonne of
sugar produced
Average Range Average Range
307 232 – 367 1987 1554 - 2379
Table 51: Energy consumption in Danish sugar factories
* Product
Energy
Electrical energy
Thermal energy
Product
Peas 0
Sprouts 0
Spinach 0
Carrots (sliced) 1
Carrots (diced) 2.5
Salsifies 6
Beans 9
Peas 0
Raw material Min Max
(kWh/t raw material used)
Maize 100 200
Wheat 200 500
Potato 40 80
Maize 200 500
Wheat 800 1300
Potato 50 250
Table 52: Energy consumption in the starch industry
Electricity consumption (kWh/t)
frozen vegetables
Table 49: Electricity consumption of mechanical processing of vegetables
before freezing
Table 50 shows benchmarks for solid waste production during fruit and
vegetable processing
Table 51 and Table 52 show energy consumption in beet sugar and
starch industry.
9.5 Benchmarks for dairies
Table 53 to Table 55 show benchmarks for water consumption and
energy consumption for dairies. The data for 1973 and 1990 allow for
an assessment of the technological developments in the sector.
Low
consumption
Medium
consumption
High
consumption
Water consumption (l/kg milk)
1973 1990
2.21
3.25 1.3 – 2.5
9.44
Table 53: Water consumption for dairies
Product
Electricity
consumption (GJ/t
product)
Fuel consumption (GJ/t
product)
Market milk 0.20 0.46
Cheese 0.76 4.34
Milk powder 1.43 20.60
Butter 0.71 3.53
Table 54: Specific energy consumption for various diary products 1
1 Joyce and Burgi, 1993 (based on a survey of Australian dairy processors in
1981 – 82)
Type of plant
Energy consumption for a selection of milk plants 1
Modern plant with high-efficiency
regenerative pasteuriser and modern boiler
Total energy consumption
(GJ/tonne milk processed)
0.34
Modern plant using hot water for processing 0.50
Old, steam-based plant 2.00
Range for most plants 0.5–1.2
Table 55: Benchmarks for water, electricity and total energy consumption for
dairies
1 Joyce and Burgi, 1993. (based on a survey of Australian dairy processors in
1981–82)
Source: UNEP; Cleaner Production Assessment in dairy processing
98