McCormick+Schmitz Handbook for value chain research on - PACA

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Next you will need to deal with the practical details of how a sick-leave benefit can be administered. If some factories in your area already have such a benefit, your work may be fairly easy. If not, you may be able to link with some in other places, but here you have to be careful because benefit systems are closely tied to labour laws and do not always transfer easily from one place to another. If you can find no examples, then you may have to devise your own. You should do this with the help and advice of someone who understands the personnel systems of factories like the ones you are approaching. This will help you to avoid coming up with a totally unworkable proposal. Your biggest challenge will be negotiating with the factories in such a way that you exert pressure without alienating them. One way to do this is to go with a draft proposal rather than an ultimatum. The advice given in chapter 17 on child labour applies equally here. Recognising the pressures that the producers face – both the direct cost pressures and the related pressure to keep their operations as uncomplicated as possible – will go a long way in enabling your message to be heard. Be prepared to modify your original proposal to accommodate the factories’ practical concerns. You may, <strong>for</strong> example, have to settle <strong>for</strong> a benefit that applies only to core homeworkers or that is available after so many months of work. [Readers: Can you give examples of sick-leave <strong>for</strong> homeworkers? DM/HS] 19.4 A WIEGO catalogue of best practice WIEGO, as an active global network of <strong>research</strong>ers and activists, could make a major contribution to the spread of best practice in emplying home-workers. This requires that in our <strong>research</strong> ef<strong>for</strong>ts we pay particular attention to the positive cases and document them in such a way that they are self-contained and can be used by colleagues to improve local practice in other regions or countries . To this effect, we need to establish a web-site which provides ready access to these cases. For each case one would need an effective one-page summary and a more detailed account of how it works and how it came about. Particular attention should be given to the economic rationale <strong>for</strong> the good practices (so that they do not come across as charity appeals), to their importance <strong>for</strong> the <strong>chain</strong> as a whole, and to the use of leverage (or interdependence in the <strong>chain</strong>) to bring about change. The ultimate aim must be to bring the cases together in the <strong>for</strong>m of a text book <strong>for</strong> use in 103
usiness schools and technology institutes, which provide courses <strong>for</strong> current or future managers in the garment industry. Trade union colleges training future labour leaders would be another target group <strong>for</strong> such best practices in employment of home-workers. Finally, let us recall a point made in the introduction: given the advances in in<strong>for</strong>mation and communication technology, homework will spread to sectors where it has been less common than in the garment industry. Most of the methods of <strong>research</strong>ing and changing the operation of <strong>chain</strong>s, which were discussed in this manual, can be applied – with due adaptation – to sectors other than garments. 104
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MANUAL FOR VALUE CHAIN RESEARCH ON
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10.1 Mapping homeworkers 57 10.2 Ma
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List of Boxes Box 1.1: Maria: A hom
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Introduction In developed and devel
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to understand the situation of home
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Part I. Homeworkers in Value Chains
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Box 1.2: Agnes: A homeworker moving
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no contact with the main contractor
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A value ch
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dominate certain value</str
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• Finding leverage points <strong
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Figure 4.1: Triangle manufacturing
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Table 4.1: Types of buyers, quality
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5. The new retailing and its implic
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ut more frequent orders. Manufactur
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which demand limited skills and are
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In this manual, we are dealing main
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Part II. Methodology This third par
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8.2 Initial and final map Mapping a
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kinds of connections between the va
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• directed network: firms <strong
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local hotel these suppliers and buy
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the designs in the various stages?
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Figure 9.1: Chain map - workers' ho
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you prefer, you can double count, t
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If a significant percentage of the
Page 53 and 54: garment industry according to the i
Page 55 and 56: Figure 9.3: Chain map - share of fe
Page 57 and 58: Indicators of directed network: Ma
Page 59 and 60: Figure 10.1 : Network of homeworker
Page 61 and 62: for the executive
Page 63 and 64: Figure 10.3 : Producer services <st
Page 65 and 66: Figure 10.4 : Wages and skill short
Page 67 and 68: producers all over the world. This
Page 69 and 70: Long-term, quality growth has alway
Page 71 and 72: Such differences emerge clearly if
Page 73 and 74: it may well be worth recording them
Page 75 and 76: it is useful to present the results
Page 77 and 78: Figure 12.3 : Sub-contractor networ
Page 79 and 80: 13.2 Observing Here are some of the
Page 81 and 82: A good research de
Page 83 and 84: A major concern in the protection o
Page 85 and 86: Buyers’ expectations Producers’
Page 87 and 88: 15. Working with public agencies Th
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Page 91 and 92: In order to assess the impact of su
Page 93 and 94: The first step is to gather basic i
Page 95 and 96: In step one, the research</
Page 97 and 98: is to examine how such differences
Page 99 and 100: Let us start with the latter, askin
Page 101 and 102: You may want to investigate what ty
Page 103: Given that home-workers are often c
Page 107 and 108: A second reason for</strong
Page 109 and 110: individuals can also be ordinary pe
Page 111 and 112: In answering the first question, th
Page 113 and 114: Obtaining or creating the sampling
Page 115 and 116: selection of a few illustrative cas
Page 117 and 118: The coding of open-ended questions
Page 119 and 120: You will also need to analyse the q
Page 121 and 122: The third step is data collection.
Page 123 and 124: the society. Neilson (1990: 20) cla
Page 125 and 126: Casson, Mark, and Robert Price. 198
Page 127 and 128: Kaplinsky, Raphael. 1998. “Global
Page 129 and 130: Wilson, Fiona. 1991. Sweaters: Gend
Page 131: Business forums de
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