McCormick+Schmitz Handbook for value chain research on - PACA

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Table of Contents Page Acknowledgements 5 Introduction 6 Part I. Homeworkers in Value Chains: Concepts and Issues 10 1. Homeworkers in the global economy 10 2. What is a global <strong>value</strong> <strong>chain</strong>? 14 3. Why is <strong>value</strong> <strong>chain</strong> analysis important? 18 4. Types of garment <strong>chain</strong>s 21 4.1 Geography of garment <strong>chain</strong>s 21 4.2 Control of garment <strong>chain</strong>s 23 5. The new retailing and its implications <strong>for</strong> workers 26 6. Homeworkers in <strong>chain</strong>s: types of homeworkers 29 6.1 Types of homeworkers: production processes 29 6.2 Types of homeworkers: worker status 30 7. Gender analysis 31 Part II. Methodology 34 8. Mapping the <strong>chain</strong>: first principles 34 8.1 What is your question? 35 8.2 Initial and final map 36 8.3 The need <strong>for</strong> conventions 38 8.4 In<strong>for</strong>mation <strong>for</strong> the initial map 40 8.5 Drawing the map 42 8.6 Next steps 43 9. Refining the <strong>value</strong> <strong>chain</strong> map 44 9.1 Mapping gives power 44 9.2 Getting the data 45 9.3 Identifying relationships and leverage points 55 10. Detailed maps of particular parts of the <strong>chain</strong> 57 1
10.1 Mapping homeworkers 57 10.2 Mapping the sources of design 59 10.3 Mapping producer services 61 10.4 Other examples of mapping 61 11. Learning from global buyers: tapping the know-how of key actors 65 11.1 Preparing the interviews 66 11.2 Conducting the interviews 68 12. Learning from the manufacturers 72 12.1 Cost breakdown 72 12.2 Assessing advantages and risks of internalising and externalising operations 74 12.3 Assessing trends in the segmentation of homeworkers (core and fringe) 74 13. Learning from home-workers 76 13.1 Comparisons 76 13.2 Observing 78 13.3 Interviewing homeworkers 78 13.4 Ethical questions in <strong>research</strong>ing home-based work 81 14. Comparing the views of global buyers, local producers and their homeworkers 82 15. Working with public agencies 86 16. Applying gender analysis to garment <strong>chain</strong>s 90 Part III. Making an impact 97 17. Using <strong>chain</strong> analysis to solve child labour problems 97 18. Helping homeworkers to switch <strong>chain</strong>s 99 19. Spreading best practice 100 19.1 Advance notice of ups and downs in orders 100 19.2 Provision of child care facilities 101 19.3 Sick leave 102 19.4 A WIEGO catalogue of best practice 103 2
Page 1: MANUAL FOR VALUE CHAIN RESEARCH ON
Page 5 and 6: List of Boxes Box 1.1: Maria: A hom
Page 7 and 8: Introduction In developed and devel
Page 9 and 10: to understand the situation of home
Page 11 and 12: Part I. Homeworkers in Value Chains
Page 13 and 14: Box 1.2: Agnes: A homeworker moving
Page 15 and 16: no contact with the main contractor
Page 17 and 18: A value ch
Page 19 and 20: dominate certain value</str
Page 21 and 22: • Finding leverage points <strong
Page 23 and 24: Figure 4.1: Triangle manufacturing
Page 25 and 26: Table 4.1: Types of buyers, quality
Page 27 and 28: 5. The new retailing and its implic
Page 29 and 30: ut more frequent orders. Manufactur
Page 31 and 32: which demand limited skills and are
Page 33 and 34: In this manual, we are dealing main
Page 35 and 36: Part II. Methodology This third par
Page 37 and 38: 8.2 Initial and final map Mapping a
Page 39 and 40: kinds of connections between the va
Page 41 and 42: • directed network: firms <strong
Page 43 and 44: local hotel these suppliers and buy
Page 45 and 46: the designs in the various stages?
Page 47 and 48: Figure 9.1: Chain map - workers' ho
Page 49 and 50: you prefer, you can double count, t
Page 51 and 52: If a significant percentage of the
Page 53 and 54:
garment industry according to the i
Page 55 and 56:
Figure 9.3: Chain map - share of fe
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Indicators of directed network: Ma
Page 59 and 60:
Figure 10.1 : Network of homeworker
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for the executive
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Figure 10.3 : Producer services <st
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Figure 10.4 : Wages and skill short
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producers all over the world. This
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Long-term, quality growth has alway
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Such differences emerge clearly if
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it may well be worth recording them
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it is useful to present the results
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Figure 12.3 : Sub-contractor networ
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13.2 Observing Here are some of the
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A good research de
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A major concern in the protection o
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Buyers’ expectations Producers’
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15. Working with public agencies Th
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useful source of infor</str
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In order to assess the impact of su
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The first step is to gather basic i
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In step one, the research</
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is to examine how such differences
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Let us start with the latter, askin
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You may want to investigate what ty
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Given that home-workers are often c
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usiness schools and technology inst
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A second reason for</strong
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individuals can also be ordinary pe
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In answering the first question, th
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Obtaining or creating the sampling
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selection of a few illustrative cas
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The coding of open-ended questions
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You will also need to analyse the q
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The third step is data collection.
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the society. Neilson (1990: 20) cla
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Casson, Mark, and Robert Price. 198
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Kaplinsky, Raphael. 1998. “Global
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Wilson, Fiona. 1991. Sweaters: Gend
Page 131:
Business forums de
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