Appendix H - Historical Archaeological and ... - CBP.gov

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Table H-2. Representative Architectural Styles in Ohio Federal (1790-1840)Greek Revival (1835-1860)Gothic Revival (1835-1870)Romanesque Revival (1850-1880) Exotic Revivals (1830-1855; 1920-30) Italianate (1850-1880) Second Empire/Mansard (1855-1885) High Victorian Gothic (1870-1885) Stick (1870-1890) Eastlake (1880-1890 Queen Anne (1880-1905) Chateauesque (1885-1905) Shingle Style (1885-1890) Richardsonian Romanesque (1885-1895)Sullivanesque (1890-1920) Commercial Chicago Style (1890-1910) Beaux Arts (1890-1910) Second Renaissance Revival (1890-1925) Neo-classical Revival (1895-1950) Colonial Revival (1895-present) Georgian Revival (1895-present) Craftsman/Arts and Crafts (1900-1925) Mission (1900-1930) Dutch colonial Revival (1900-1925) Late Gothic Revival (1900-1930) Jacobethan (1900-1935) Prairie (1905-1930) Bungalow (1910-1935) Tudor/English Revival (ca. 1910-1940) French Colinal/Norman Revival (1910-1940) Mediterranean (1915-1940) Art Deco (1927-1940) International (1932-1960) Art Moderne (1935-1950) Modern Movement (1945-1990) Miesian (1945-1970) New Formalism (1955-1970) Postmodernism (1970-present) Neo-expressionism (1950-1970) Brutalism (1960-1970) Deconstructivism (1988-present 3.2.4 STATE OF MICHIGAN (LOWER PENINSULA) Property Types by Theme Perhaps because of the wealth brought to Michigan’s citizens by the automobile industry, the most common building type across the state is the single-family home. Blocks of houses occupy most of southeast Michigan; apartments and condominiums are present primarily in Michigan’s urban areas. In more rural areas, houses are surrounded by agricultural buildings, forming farmstead complexes. Scientific farming has resulted in the decline of family-owned farms, but many complexes still survive in areas where scientific farming is impractical. Because of the large number of recreational opportunities associated with lakes, waterways, and hundreds of miles of lakeshore, Michigan boasts a large number of cottages and retreats. These same shorelines also contain lighthouses, docks, piers, and harbors. Early industrial buildings line many of the waterways in the state, particularly near harbors and shipping ports. This trend has changed over the last half-century, moving parklands to these areas and creating “parks” of industrial buildings in less desirable locations. Commercial centers are situated in most downtown areas, from the tiniest community with a single gas station to the largest cities. Historically, these commercial centers consisted of multistory buildings packed side-by-side. In the mid-twentieth century, the nationwide trend of indoor shopping centers made its way to the state. More recently, ready vehicular transportation has contributed to the success of strip malls. Northern Border Activities H-142 July 2012
Architectural Styles/Forms Buildings of most styles and forms established across the country exist in Michigan. Perhaps the earliest building style constructed in Michigan was Greek Revival. Cobblestone houses or commercial buildings (often in Greek Revival style) are also present in the lower part of the peninsula. In Michigan, some variations on building forms, such as the Hen-and-Chicks, are present, particularly in the southern part of the state where settlement occurred earlier. The I- House is also present in the state. Mid-Century Modern homes are present across the state, although more are present in urban areas than in rural areas. Rustic-style homes and commercial buildings are often associated with the resort areas of northern Michigan, as are large-scale Victorian era hotels and lodges. Building materials include everything from stone and wood to metal and porcelain enameled panels. Cobblestone construction tends to be found in southern Michigan, while fieldstone sheathing is common in northern parts of the state. A local manufacturer has developed concrete “logs” featured on some rustic buildings, and three well-known catalog house companies were located in Bay City, shipping their products across the state and nation. 3.2.5 STATES OF MICHIGAN (UPPER PENINSULA) AND WISCONSIN Property Types by Theme The most prevalent above-ground resource in the northern portions of Michigan and Wisconsin is the single-family house. These buildings are found in both urban areas and in rural portions of the region, with a greater trend toward higher style buildings in urban areas. Houses tend to be smaller than in the southern portions of Michigan or Wisconsin. Apartments and condominiums may be present but tend to be found in urban areas rather than small towns and rural areas. In rural areas, buildings may be part of a farmstead complex or a camp associated with logging or mining. Because of the large number of recreational opportunities associated with lakes, waterways, and hundreds of miles of lakeshore, the area boasts a large number of cottages and retreats, including housekeeping cabins in motel-like settings, first popularized in the 1930s, with the advent of motor travel. Lighthouses, docks, piers, and harbors are situated along lakeshores. Early industrial buildings line waterways, particularly near harbors and shipping ports. This trend has changed over the last half-century, moving parklands to these areas and creating “parks” of industrial buildings in less desirable locations. Other extant industrial buildings include modern and historic mining facilities. Commercial centers are situated in most downtown areas, from the tiniest communities with a single gas station, to the larger cities with many storefronts. Historically, these commercial centers consisted of multi-story buildings packed side-by-side. In the mid-twentieth century, the nationwide trend of indoor shopping centers made its way to the larger cities within the region. Even in the smallest community, commercial development tends to mean the construction of strip malls, where automobile access drives the success. Architectural styles/forms Perhaps the earliest building style constructed in Michigan was Greek Revival; however, because settlement came much later to the northern portion of Michigan’s Lower Peninsula and to the Upper Peninsula, there are few buildings of this style present. Although distinctly more rural Northern Border Activities H-143 July 2012
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APPENDIX H HISTORIC, ARCHAEOLOGICAL
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Relatively few early Paleo-Indian s
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to 8,690±50 B.P. and 8,670±60 B.P
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midden at the Knox site. The first
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fauna diminished (as did the specie
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Woodland Period The first use of ce
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In general, early archaeological si
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more during the Archaic period by c
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ever occupied” (Thomas et al., 19
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1.1.3 GREAT LAKES REGION 1.1.3.1 St
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same contexts, such as at the Front
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Ritchie and Funk, 1973:97). Graves
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ectangular-shaped houses (Engelbrec
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Early Archaic preference towards oc
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York just north of the Pennsylvania
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2000:99). Typical ceramic vessels f
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Early Archaic projectile point form
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typically located on high terrain n
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worked projectile points; anvilston
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epresented as the late prehistoric
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encampments occurred in the moraina
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northerly ceramics with ceramics mo
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1999; Fitting, 1974; Franzen, 1987;
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Beginning as early as the tenth cen
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they comprised were copper implemen
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“mobile bands using large territo
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Figure H-2. Prehistoric/Precontact
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Site types range across the full sp
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Figure H-4. Plateau and Northern Ro
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of processed resources such as char
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large part to poor preservation of
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climate, which was at a peak of war
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the early to middle Holocene (ca. 8
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archaeological record of residentia
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In northern Maine, the Madawaska se
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1.2.1.2 State of New Hampshire Con
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Agriculture Mid-nineteenth- to earl
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United States and Europe. Rustic ca
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forts in the Champlain Valley, New
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accommodate plows pulled by oxen, h
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1.2.2 GREAT LAKES REGION 1.2.2.1 St
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Transportation Overland roads were
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several wind-energy projects and wi
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in 1759 (Waddell and Bomberger, 199
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During the Revolutionary War, Major
Page 91 and 92: the years after the Civil War, grap
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Page 95 and 96: Figure H-8. Ohio Land Grants and Su
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Page 101 and 102: crossings. The bridge follows a sim
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Page 105 and 106: The first routes through the wilder
Page 107 and 108: Montana is rich in mineral resource
Page 109 and 110: Figure H-9. Early Trails, Trading P
Page 111 and 112: Figure H-10. Railroad System in Ida
Page 113 and 114: Midwestern reserves of white pine b
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Page 117 and 118: Social and Cultural Single men pred
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Page 123 and 124: until the 1960s (Fahey, 1986:175-17
Page 125 and 126: Among the first actions of Washingt
Page 127 and 128: 2 NATIVE AMERICAN SACRED SITES AND
Page 129 and 130: includes the Vermont Historic Prese
Page 131 and 132: 2.1.4 WOR REGION 2.1.4.1 States of
Page 133 and 134: Object. An object is defined as a s
Page 135 and 136: Structures The most imposing histor
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Page 139 and 140: Table H-1. Representative Architect
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Page 145 and 146: Numerous historic-era lodges, resor
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Page 149 and 150: 4 PALEONTOLOGIC RESOURCES This Pale
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Page 153 and 154: 4.2.1.2 New Hampshire Summary Paleo
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Page 157 and 158: 4.2.2.4 Michigan Summary Paleontolo
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Page 163 and 164: 4.2.4.2 Washington Summary Paleonto
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Page 167 and 168: Figure H-16. Geologically Relevant
Page 173 and 174: The nature of consultation in Secti
Page 175 and 176: NHPA and 36 CFR 800, it established
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Page 179 and 180: For above-ground culture resources
Page 181 and 182: Cultural resource laws for New Hamp
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Page 185 and 186: farming or forestry). Some other si
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State preservation plan: The OHPO S
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State preservation plan Michigan’
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Provides technical assistance to lo
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Indians, and the Stockbridge-Munsee
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5. To expand and enhance efforts to
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The Archaeology and Historic Preser
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Administering Federal tax incentive
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State Historic Preservation Office
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Oversees the identification and eva
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REFERENCES (Aaberg, et al., 2003).
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(Blaisdell, 1982). Blaisdell, Katha
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(Bunker, 1994). Bunker, V. 1994. Ne
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(Churchill, 1967). Churchill, M. G.
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(DeMallie, 2001a). DeMallie, R. J.
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(Fahey, 1965). Fahey, John. 1965. I
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(Funk and Hoagland, 1972). Funk, R.
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(Hackbarth, 2003). Hackbarth, Linda
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(Hickcox, 1983). Hickcox, David H.
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(Johnson, 1988). Johnson, Curtis B.
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(Langhorne, 1976). Langhorne, Willi
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(Maymon and Bolian, 1992). Maymon,
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(MN SHPO, 2006). Minnesota State Hi
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(Ozker, 1982). Ozker, D. B. 1982. A
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(Randall and Ryan, 1912). Randall,
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(Sanford, 1894). Sanford, L. G. 189
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(Stamps and Zurel, 1980). Stamps, R
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(Stothers, et al., 2001). Stothers,
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(USDA, 2007). U.S. Department of Ag
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(Wright, 1972). Wright, J. V. 1972.
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