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13th International Conference on Membrane Computing - MTA Sztaki

13th International Conference on Membrane Computing - MTA Sztaki

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A. Obtu̷lowicz<br />

2−ramificati<strong>on</strong><br />

•<br />

diagram,<br />

i.e. graph<br />

homomorphism<br />

Fig. 2.<br />

.<br />

category representing<br />

hierarchical system<br />

sec<strong>on</strong>d level<br />

colim D 0<br />

•<br />

D 0<br />

•<br />

• •<br />

• colim D 2<br />

first level<br />

colim D 1 • • colim D 3<br />

•<br />

•<br />

• • • • • •<br />

D 1 D 2 D3<br />

•<br />

• •<br />

0−level<br />

•<br />

• • • •<br />

the fat arrows are colimiting injecti<strong>on</strong>s,<br />

i.e. the elements of colimiting coc<strong>on</strong>s,<br />

respectively<br />

3 Inspiring Examples<br />

Following the idea of drawing hypercubes a from [25] we show the examples of<br />

sketch-like multigraphical membrane systems which approach this idea in some<br />

formal way.<br />

For natural numbers n > 0 and i ∈ {1, 2, 3} we define sketch-like multigraphical<br />

membrane systems S i n in the following way:<br />

– the underlying tree T i n of S i n is such that<br />

• the set V (T i n) of vertices is the set of all strings (sequences) of length<br />

not greater than n of digits in D 1 = {0, 1} for i = 1, in D 2 = {0, 1, 2, 3}<br />

for i = 2, and in D 3 = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} for i = 3,<br />

• the set E(T i n ) of edges of Ti n is such that E(Ti n ) = {(Γ j, Γ ) | {Γ j, Γ } ⊂<br />

V (T i n) and j ∈ D i } with source and target functi<strong>on</strong>s being the projecti<strong>on</strong>s<br />

<strong>on</strong> the first and the sec<strong>on</strong>d comp<strong>on</strong>ent, respectively, where Γ j is<br />

the string obtained by juxtapositi<strong>on</strong> a new digit j <strong>on</strong> the right end of Γ ,<br />

– the family ( G Γ | Γ ∈ V (T i n )) of directed graphs of Sn i is such that for every<br />

n<strong>on</strong>-elementary vertex Γ ∈ V (T i n ) the Γ -diagram Dg(Γ ) is determined in<br />

the following way:<br />

• for i = 1 the diagram Dg(Γ ) is a graph c<strong>on</strong>sisting of a single edge<br />

Γ 0 → Γ 1,<br />

a for a noti<strong>on</strong> of a hypercube see [19], [6], [23]<br />

344

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