Using Polymer Modified Asphalt Emulsions in Surface Treatments A ...

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2. Fatigue Cracking (repetitive loading/unloading); 3. Raveling (stone loss); 4. Rutting (permanent deformation, high temperature susceptibility); and, 5. Aging (58). Table 3 presents a matrix adapted from the SHRP review, and depicts the reported relationships between various asphalt physical and chemical properties and each of the performance variables enumerated above. The arrows in Table 3 indicate whether the performance criteria increases or decreases in magnitude as the corresponding physical or chemical property increases or decreases. For example, when viscosity increases, so do measured fatigue and low temperature cracking. Table 3: Asphalt Properties and Pavement Performance (58) Performance Criteria Viscosity Penetration Ductility Temperature Susceptibility Binder or Mix Stiffness Softening Point Asphaltene Content Naphthalene Aromatics Low Temp. Cracking ↑ ↓ ↓ ↑ ↑ ↑ Fatigue Cracking ↑ ↓ ↓ Raveling ↓ ↓ ↑ ↓ Rutting ↓ ↓ Aging ↑ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↑ ↑ ↓ 43
However, in developing the SPG, Epps generally discounts the importance of rutting and thermal cracking in surface treatments, focusing instead on: 1. High and low temperature behavior which can lead to aggregate loss; 2. Aging performance; 3. Application and handling characteristics of the prepared emulsion (57). Conversely, rutting resistance can prove a valuable test parameter when assessing the performance of rut-filling mixes (54). Takamura has observed that the action of radial truck tires actually produces higher than average critical shear stresses on thin surface treatments such as chip seals and microsurfacings, as compared to full or partial thickness HMA (see Figure 18). This underscores the importance and value of estimating the high temperature susceptibility and stone retention capacity of modified surface treatments. Figure 18: Influence of Radial Tire on Surface Treatment (54) It is noteworthy that the relationships between laboratory-determined binder physical properties and actual field performance are not always clear, and substantial evidence exists which is often contradictory. For example, it has been shown through stresscontrolled fatigue tests that stiffer mixes are more resistant to fatigue cracking, whereas 44
Page 1 and 2: Using Polymer Modified Asphalt Emul
Page 3 and 4: 2.10 SURFACE TREATMENTS, DISTRESS,
Page 5 and 6: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Needs to be Compl
Page 7 and 8: DISCLAIMER This document is dissemi
Page 9 and 10: 1. Compile published research on th
Page 11 and 12: 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW OF POLYMER MO
Page 13 and 14: the emulsion solution is termed the
Page 15 and 16: molecular weights ranging up to 100
Page 17 and 18: Elastomeric polymers exhibit a low
Page 19 and 20: The first commercial process that w
Page 21 and 22: 2.2.3 Synthetic Rubber and Latex Sy
Page 23 and 24: Latex Modified Unmodified 80 Chip R
Page 25 and 26: of residual asphalt (3). Additional
Page 27 and 28: Sabbagh and Lesser (1998) note that
Page 29 and 30: 2.2.6 Plastics The plastic polymer
Page 31 and 32: high temperature performance, but w
Page 33 and 34: 2.2.7 Polymer Blends Select polymer
Page 35 and 36: Table 2: Polymer Modification Metho
Page 37 and 38: Forbes et al found that asphalt emu
Page 39 and 40: Lubbers and Watson (2005) present t
Page 41 and 42: Takamura and Heckmann (1999) sugges
Page 43 and 44: Neat Asphalt + 8% LDPE1 + 8% LDPE2
Page 45 and 46: Figure 16: Effect of SBS Concentrat
Page 47 and 48: destruction of the polymer modifier
Page 49: emulsified and non-emulsified aspha
Page 53 and 54: • Forced Air-Drying Method - This
Page 55 and 56: • Wet Track Abrasion Loss - used
Page 57 and 58: ductility (61). King characterizes
Page 59 and 60: Polymer modified asphalt emulsions
Page 61 and 62: 3 40-120º F 5.02 12.81 6.04 14.92
Page 63 and 64: emulsions require a much longer set
Page 65 and 66: Figure 20: Chip Seal Aggregate Rete
Page 67 and 68: design specifications are meticulou
Page 69 and 70: Holleran (n.d.) recommends using SB
Page 71 and 72: 22 20 18 Vertical Displacement (%)
Page 73 and 74: seal stone retention, and to provid
Page 75 and 76: Microsurfacing applications by defi
Page 77 and 78: Thus, the cohesive properties of SB
Page 79 and 80: dimensional polymer network is pres
Page 81 and 82: Moreover, although the moduli of th
Page 83 and 84: Numerous decision tools and best pr
Page 85 and 86: 3.0 LABORATORY TESTING AND SPECIFIC
Page 87 and 88: and performance-related specificati
Page 89 and 90: were consistently twice as high as
Page 91 and 92: • Polymer/Asphalt Compatibility a
Page 93 and 94: angle at the lowest pavement temper
Page 95 and 96: damaged by temperature. The problem
Page 97 and 98: Because the industry survey and oth
Page 99 and 100: conforming to the following criteri
Page 101 and 102:
with faster curing and longer wear.
Page 103 and 104:
Table 17: Comparison of Microsurfac
Page 105 and 106:
Emulsion/Aggregate Performance Test
Page 107 and 108:
the FLH report-only format be used
Page 109 and 110:
leading the negatives. If post-blen
Page 111 and 112:
opportunity to evaluate performance
Page 113 and 114:
traffic areas, as are durable, poli
Page 115 and 116:
esearchers, with the leading candid
Page 117 and 118:
Table 13 illustrates a draft Strawm
Page 119 and 120:
Laboratory Design Procedures • Ch
Page 121 and 122:
• Develop/improve performance met
Page 123 and 124:
specification tests will cost appro
Page 125 and 126:
PROPERTY TEST METHOD SPEC. RESULT B
Page 127 and 128:
14. Takamura, Koichi, “SBR Latice
Page 129 and 130:
38. Turk, Johannes, and Schmidt, Ma
Page 131 and 132:
62. Desmazes, C., Lecomte, M., Lesu
Page 133 and 134:
86. European Standard EN 14895, “
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