Biomedical Research in Developing Countries - UNICRI

Scientific Articles, 20 Guidelines, 21 Reports 22 Miscellaneous. 23 An additional database,
denominated General Bibliography, was created to collect all the scientific material
mentioned above. A list of experts and organizations, contacted during the research
study, was also set up.
The documents and information collected were analyzed in order to respond to the
questions in the country information sheets. The relevant documents pertaining to
each country were also included in the country information sheets as
bibliographical references.
Responses to the three questions on the country information sheets were verified
step by step, as data collection proceeded through the analysis of the sources of
information. In case of insufficient information, the country information sheets
were left uncompleted or totally empty.
Data were collected over a period of 12 months (December 2007- November 2008),
while country information sheets were completed during the period between May
and November 2008. The data obtained in the country information sheets were
entered in Excel spreadsheet and subsequently exported for data analysis.
20 Scientific Journals websites: The Lancet, British Medical Journal, the New England Journal of Medicine, Indian
Journal for Medical Research, Journal of Women’s Health and Gender Based Medicine, the Journal of the American
Medical Association, Schizophrenia Bulletin, Epidemiological Reviews, American Journal of Public Health, African
Journal of Neurological Sciences, Health Care Annals, American Journal for Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Sudanese
Journal of Public Health, BMC Medical Ethics, Oxford University Press, International Journal of Surgery, Nature,
Plos Medicine, Journal International de Bioéthique, Malaria Journal; free-resource websites for physicians and
specialized websites: Medscape, Society for Women’s Health Research, US National Cancer Institute website, ORWH-
Office of Research on Women’s Health, FDA – Food and Drug Administration, Pacific Bridge Medical, NIH Clinical
Center- US National Institute of Health, Repère Médical, WARA-West African Research Association, WARC- West
African Research Center, Bioethics Forum, Reseau Senegalais Droit Ethique et Santé, CEBACORES- Centro de Estudo
de Bioética Polo Acores, SARETI- South African Research Training Initiative, IRCM- Centre de Bioéthique, IRD- Institut
de Recherche pour le Développement, SCIDEVNET- Science and Development Network; International Organizations
and NGOs websites: WHO, UNESCO, UNAIDS, COHRED- The Council on Health Research for Development, HRETIE-
Health Research Ethics Training Initiative in Egypt and emails sent by experts.
21 Downloaded and collected from different sources: ICH, WHO ,WHO TDR, WHO SIDCER, CIOMS, UNESCO,
EFGCP- European Forum for Good Clinical Practice, PhARMA- Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of
America, NIH- US National Institute of Health, Ministries of Health and National Ethics Committees.
22 Downloaded and collected from different sources: National Ethics Commitees, National Departments of Health,
Universities, UNESCO, UNHRO, EGE- European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies, Nuffield Council
on Bioethics, NEBRA- Networking for Ethics on Biomedical Research in Africa Science and Society, SOMO- Centre for
Research on Multinational Corporations, WEMOS Foundation- Health for all, Nationaler Ethikrat, Centerwatch,
Consumers International, SARETI – South African Research Ethics Training Initiative, COHRED- The Council on
Health Research for Development, Global Forum for Health Research.
23 Downloaded and collected from different sources: National Governments, National Ethics Committees,
Universities, EMEA- European Medicine Agency, PABIN- Pan African Bioethics Initiative, IBEST-Islamic Body on Ethics
of Science and Technology, ISESCO- Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, UNECA, EURETH.NET-
European Information Ethics in Medicine and Biotechnology, Office for Human Research Protections- U.S.
Department of Health and Human Sciences, UNAIDS, UNESCO, Global Forum for Health Research, NLM- US
National Library of Medicine of the National Institute of Health, National Institutes of Health Office of Extramural
Research- US Department of Health and Human Services, FPMA- International Federation on Pharmaceutical
Manufacturers and Associations, EFPIA- European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations, Institut
Pasteur, Fogarty AIDS International Training Program (AITRP), COHRED- The Council on Health Research for
Development JPMA- Japan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association, PhRMA- Pharmaceutical Research and
Manufacturers of America, FERCAP- Forum for Ethical Review Committees in Asia & Western Pacific, European,
INSERM - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Commission, ICJME- International Committee of Medical
Journal Editors, Harvard School of Public Health, A+Science, Outsourcing Pharma, AMILCAR INTERNATIONAL CRO-
Advice in Medical Investigation and Logistic for Communication and Research, DFID- Department for International
Development, IDRC, Wellcome Trust, SAAVI - South African AIDS Vaccine Initiative and emails sent by experts.
141