Handover mechanisms in next generation heterogeneous wireless ...

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MULTI-INTERFACE MOBILE MODEL FOR MEDIA INDEPENDENT HANDOVER ADF is set to be 3 times the ADI. The setting means that the MH is allowed to miss three consecutive advertisements before the attachment with the current agent is regarded as being invalid by the MH. The AP that the MH attaches to is referred to as the old AP, in contrast to the new AP that the MH would switch to in a handover. The ADI of the old AP is fixed to 1s. The ADI of the new AP was varied in the simulation, and thus the ratio of ADI old _ AP to ADI new _ AP may change accordingly. When the cross-layer trigger of Figure 7.2) is enabled through the HOMgr, the handover delay can keep a constant value at around 40ms as illustrated Figure 7.11. However, when the cross-layer trigger is not applied, the handover delay fluctuates at 3s. The corresponding results can be found in Figure 7.12. In both cases, the handover delay appears not to be influenced by the difference of the ADI between heterogeneous wireless networks. The introduction of the cross-layer trigger mechanism in the proposed multi-interface model can effectively reduce handover delay down to 40ms. Figure 7.11 Heterogeneity of ADI vs. Handover delay (with cross-layer trigger mechanism) - 150 -
MULTI-INTERFACE MOBILE MODEL FOR MEDIA INDEPENDENT HANDOVER Figure 7.12 Heterogeneity of ADI vs. Handover delay (without cross-layer trigger mechanism) To evaluate the impact of ADI on handover delay, the ADI of the agent router is varied with ADF = 3*ADI. Figure 7.13 shows that the handover delay is not influenced by the varying ADIs (of both the old and the new APs) in the cross-layer trigger scenario. The MH with the cross-layer trigger enabled can trigger the mobile IP registration with the new AP immediately once the loss of radio connection is detected at link layers. However, if no cross-layer trigger mechanism is applied on the MH, move detection would not occur until the advertisement from the current AP expires. In this case, the ADF of access routers would have an impact on handover delay. Moreover, through the simulation, it is found that the advertisement from the new AP may get lost due to the collision at the MAC layer during handover. Therefore, the handover delay moves up as the ADI rises (as shown in Figure 7.14). The MH may experience the smaller handover delay of 40ms if the cross-layer trigger is enabled. - 151 -
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Handover Mechanisms in Next Generat
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT First of all, I woul
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 4.4.2 Power Save
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LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF FIGURES Fig
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 7.2 A generi
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ABSTRACT New access technologies su
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Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION New access t
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INTRODUCTION becomes available. Han
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INTRODUCTION The above multipliciti
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INTRODUCTION network trust pattern
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INTRODUCTION 1.3 Related Publicatio
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INTRODUCTION TECHNICAL REPORTS XIII
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HANDOVER MANAGEMENT horizontally. H
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HANDOVER MANAGEMENT The objective o
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HANDOVER MANAGEMENT air interface,
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HANDOVER MANAGEMENT proposed archit
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HANDOVER MANAGEMENT Access point (A
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HANDOVER MANAGEMENT users. Moreover
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HANDOVER MANAGEMENT For IEEE 802.11
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HANDOVER MANAGEMENT The two schemes
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HANDOVER MANAGEMENT When a MH is mo
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3.1 Introduction Chapter 3 HANDOVER
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SECURITY FOR HANDOVER ACROSS HETERO
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DYNAMIC NEIGHBOUR TRUST INFORMATION
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Chapter 5 TRUST ASSISTED HANDOVER A
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TRUST ASSISTED HANDOVER ALGORITHM F
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Page 111 and 112: TRUST ASSISTED HANDOVER ALGORITHM F
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Page 175 and 176: ABBREVIATIONS 3G 3rd Generation Wir
Page 177 and 178: ABBREVIATIONS LS Location Server MH
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Page 181 and 182: REFERENCES [12] C. Politis, T. Oda,
Page 183 and 184: REFERENCES [37] Wi-Fi Alliance, "Wi
Page 185 and 186: REFERENCES presented at IEEE Intern
Page 187 and 188: REFERENCES [90] R. Verdone and A. Z
Page 189: REFERENCES [116] K. E. Malki and H.
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