Handover mechanisms in next generation heterogeneous wireless ...

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Chapter 8 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH WORK This chapter summarises the thesis contributions and discuss potential directions for future research in the area. 8.1 Summary of Thesis Contributions The research work in this thesis focused on the development of new techniques for supporting seamless handover in a multi-operator and multi-technology network environment. The thesis contributions have been made in the four areas. 8.1.1 Dynamic Trust Information Retrieval for Global Roaming In Chapter 4, a network trust information retrieval scheme for global roaming was presented. The concept “Network Trust Correlation” (NTC) was proposed to represent a versatile and complex network trust relationship between two networks. A quantitative NTC model based on trust association hops was proposed. With this NTC model, the thesis presents a network trust information retrieval and distribution method. The proposed method makes use of a mobile user’s mobility and handover process to retrieve and exchange network trust information between two neighbouring networks without any direct communication between the neighbours. Consequently, when a number of mobile users are involved, a network can build up its neighbour network trust pattern. Instead of relying on other mechanisms for getting trust information required for roaming, a mobile user can dynamically obtain the necessary trust information from its serving network. In regards to the practical implementation of the proposed scheme, two implementation solutions corresponding to two different operation modes of mobile terminal were - 156 -
CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH WORK presented. In the Active Operation Mode NTC (AOMN) solution, a mobile user carrying active sessions is involved in the NTC process. The AOMN solution relies on actual handover event and can produce the most accurate information about neighbours’ trust relationships. In contrast, the Power Save Mode NTC (PSMN) approach takes advantage of the location update and paging process of a mobile user in a dormant state to trigger the NTC process. The PSMN derives neighbours’ trust relationships from analysing location update records of mobile users involved in the NTC process. To evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme, a hexagonal random walk model with the Markov transition probabilities was used to simulate a multi-operator environment, in which a group of mobile users performed handover between networks. A series of simulations were conducted on a number of parameters. The simulation results showed that the proposed trust information retrieval scheme can function in a cost-effective manner, generating 3.7% additional signalling overhead on networks compared with the standard handover signalling cost. Moreover, it was shown that one mobile user per network would be sufficient to establish a complete network trust pattern in most cases when the proposed scheme is widely deployed in networks. From the perspective of real deployment, this makes sure that the implementation of the proposed NTC scheme would not be a burden for operational networks. It was found that the time taken for constructing neighbour trust pattern can be speeded up by increasing the number of mobile users involved. 8.1.2 Trust Assisted Handover Algorithm for Reliable Handover In Chapter 5, a Trust assisted Handover Algorithm (THOA) was presented to deal with the coexistence of multiple network operators, which has not been addressed in current handover approaches. A THOA cost function that can take into account network trust relationship along with multiple handover metrics was proposed. The proposed THOA cost function works with a trust coefficient model that normalises the NTC data in order to have networks holding different trust values accurately weighed in network selection. To implement the proposed algorithm at the mobile end, the thesis presented an optimised network selection process that is designed to provide build-in trust awareness. The optimised network selection process along with the THOA can guarantee more - 157 -
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Handover Mechanisms in Next Generat
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT First of all, I woul
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 4.4.2 Power Save
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LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF FIGURES Fig
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 7.2 A generi
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ABSTRACT New access technologies su
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Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION New access t
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INTRODUCTION becomes available. Han
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INTRODUCTION The above multipliciti
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INTRODUCTION network trust pattern
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INTRODUCTION 1.3 Related Publicatio
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INTRODUCTION TECHNICAL REPORTS XIII
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HANDOVER MANAGEMENT horizontally. H
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HANDOVER MANAGEMENT The objective o
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HANDOVER MANAGEMENT air interface,
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HANDOVER MANAGEMENT proposed archit
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HANDOVER MANAGEMENT Access point (A
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HANDOVER MANAGEMENT users. Moreover
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HANDOVER MANAGEMENT For IEEE 802.11
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HANDOVER MANAGEMENT The two schemes
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HANDOVER MANAGEMENT When a MH is mo
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3.1 Introduction Chapter 3 HANDOVER
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SECURITY FOR HANDOVER ACROSS HETERO
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DYNAMIC NEIGHBOUR TRUST INFORMATION
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Chapter 5 TRUST ASSISTED HANDOVER A
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TRUST ASSISTED HANDOVER ALGORITHM F
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Page 181 and 182: REFERENCES [12] C. Politis, T. Oda,
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