Women's Employment - United Nations Research Institute for Social ...

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Contents Acknowledgements v Foreword vii Notes on contributors ix Chapter 1 Introduction S. Razavi and J. Vivian 1 I. Female employment rates and conditions in labour-intensive industries 3 II. Employment, gender roles and gender subordination 9 III. Liberalization, restructuring and female employment 19 IV. The case studies 23 V. Conclusion 27 References 31 Chapter 2 Wage discrimination by gender in Morocco’s, urban labour force: Evidence and implications for industrial and labour policy S. Belghazi with S. Baden 35 I. Background 35 II. Economic performance and policy in Morocco, 1980-93 39 III. Overall employment profile and trends 40 IV. Feminization of wage employment in Morocco 42 V. Wage differences by gender in the urban working population 43 VI. Theoretical explanations for wage discrimination by gender 45 VII. Analysis of wage discrimination in Morocco 47 xi
xii VII. Contribution of different factors in explaining wage levels (male and female) and differentials 49 IX. Implications for policy and scope for further research 52 References 57 Chapter 3 Gender and employment in Moroccan textile industries R. Bourqia 61 I. Introduction 61 II. Social and family situation of women workers 66 III. Recruitment and employment practices in textile factories 72 IV. Conclusion 97 References 101 Chapter 4 Gender dimensions of labour migration in Dhaka city’s formal manufacturing sector R. Afsar 103 I. Introduction 103 II. The growth of the RMG sector and women’s independent migration 108 III. Profiles of the sample workers and some IV. important consequences of factory work 119 Coping mechanisms of migrant workers in the urban labour market and society 133 V. Policy implications 141 References 147 Chapter 5 Becoming a garment worker: The mobilization of women into the garment factories of Bangladesh N. Kibria 151 I. Introduction 151 II. Methods and a brief profile of the workers 153 III. Becoming a garment worker: Garment work IV. explanations, histories and the household 156 Community support, opinion and garment work 168 V. Conclusions 171 References 176
Page 1 and 2: Women’s Employment in the Textile
Page 3 and 4: This United Nations Research Instit
Page 6: Acknowledgements Many people have b
Page 9 and 10: notwithstanding the inertia of the
Page 11: Carol Miller is a policy analyst on
Page 15 and 16: Introduction 1 Introduction 1 Shahr
Page 17 and 18: Introduction Table 1: Basic indicat
Page 19 and 20: Introduction women have been tradit
Page 21 and 22: Introduction The chapters on Bangla
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Page 31 and 32: Introduction participate in labour
Page 33 and 34: Introduction their bargaining power
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Page 37 and 38: Introduction IV. The case studies T
Page 39 and 40: Introduction experience in garment
Page 41 and 42: Introduction V. Conclusion Although
Page 43 and 44: Introduction improved technology. T
Page 45 and 46: Introduction References Afsar, R. (
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Wage discrimination by gender in Mo
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Gender and employment in Moroccan t
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Gender dimensions of labour migrati
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Table 1: Total number of male and f
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Becoming a garment worker 5Becoming
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Becoming a garment worker garment w
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Becoming a garment worker Table 1:
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Becoming a garment worker that time
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Becoming a garment worker 2. “I e
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Becoming a garment worker out that
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Becoming a garment worker being. Th
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Becoming a garment worker support t
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Becoming a garment worker they firs
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Becoming a garment worker V. Conclu
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Becoming a garment worker is a job
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Becoming a garment worker Endnotes
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Becoming a garment worker Cole P. D
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Women’s employment in the textile
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