Women's Employment - United Nations Research Institute for Social ...

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Chapter 6 Trade unions, gender issues and the ready-made garment industry of Bangladesh S. Khan 179 I. Introduction 179 II. David versus Goliath: Workers’ mobilization and the unionization process 186 III. Battling the hydra: The owners’response to IV. unionization in the RMG sector 203 Watching from the sideline: The so-called resolution of rights disputes 210 V. No easy partners: The structured trade unions and the garment federations and unions of Bangladesh 212 VI. Conclusion 213 References 217 Chapter 7 Female employment under export-propelled industrialization: Prospects for internalizing global opportunities in the apparel sector in Bangladesh D. Battacharya and M. Rahman 219 I. Introduction 219 II. Female participation in industrial employment in Bangladesh 223 III. Bangladesh’s apparel sector: Growth correlates 229 IV. The performance of Bangladesh’s apparel sector and female employment: Dynamic aspects 235 V. The implications of globalization for female 242 employment in Bangladesh’s apparel sector VI. Conclusion 252 References 256 Annex tables 259 xiii
Introduction 1 Introduction 1 Shahra Razavi and Jessica Vivian The United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD), in co-operation with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), carried out an action research programme on Technical Co-operation and Women’s Lives from 1992 to 1998. This programme was meant to facilitate co-operation between gender researchers, economists and policy makers, and to encourage the involvement of national research teams and civil society organizations in national policy debates. For each country involved in the programme, national-level workshops were held to establish priorities for empirical investigation. In Bangladesh and Morocco, the research focused on the feminization of the labour force in the context of increasing export manufacturing and trade liberalization. This is an important topic for many countries facing liberalized trade regimes as they are seeking to build their export manufacturing sector. It has been argued — most emphatically by neoclassical economists but also in a range of other development writing — that trade liberalization can facilitate labour-intensive, pro-poor growth capable of “including” hitherto “excluded” social groups. The tendency for many newly established export-oriented manufacturing activities to rely heavily on female labour has been cited in support of this contention. That this employment benefits women is a view that is widely shared across the political spectrum, including among many feminists. However, the subject remains controversial: within 1
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Gender dimensions of labour migrati
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Becoming a garment worker 5Becoming
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Becoming a garment worker Endnotes
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Becoming a garment worker Cole P. D
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Women’s employment in the textile
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