Women's Employment - United Nations Research Institute for Social ...

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Annex Table 2 (cont’d) Ind Industry name Total wages and salaries paid (000 Tk) Per employee (Tk) Code All employees Operative All employees Operative Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female 261 369 Non-metallic mineral prod. 255789 4957 151611 1545 12631.56 15637.22 8489.81 7882.65 371 Iron and steel basic indus. 589925 461 392604 39911.03 32928.57 36729.72 372 Non-ferrous metal ind. 15772 10410 34361.66 32129.63 381 Structural metal prod. 218736 546 160733 546 16715.27 7913.04 14773.25 7913.04 382 Fabricated metal prod. 120519 486 88655 468 19715.20 11571.43 16727.36 11142.86 383 Non-electrical machinery 239340 2454 128283 36674.84 36088.24 29382.27 384 Electrical machinery 349662 10119 207543 7193 27595.45 28911.43 22018.14 23429.97 385 Transport equipment 432524 1939 248502 34483.30 43088.89 26075.76 386 Scientific precision, etc. 3238 90 2391 90 19987.65 9000.00 19925.00 9000.00 387 Photographic optical goods 1764 1204 15076.92 13230.77 389 Mfg. of sports goods 3920 3238 19797.98 19047.06 391 Decorative handicrafts 998 281 842 246 8316.67 18733.33 7796.30 20500.00 393 Other mfg. industries 35072 6841 25393 6841 15409.49 6603.28 13845.69 6603.28 394 Other mfg. industries 4139 2806 14472.03 12754.55 Total 23759744 2212419 16516907 2033386 24260.80 12508.38 20394.24 11625.39 Source: BBS, 1996a. Female employment under export-propelled industrialization
Women’s employment in the textile manufacturing sectors of Bangladesh and Morocco Annex Table 3: Growth of RMG exports (1977-1997) Year RMG exports (million US$) Share in total exports (%) All RMG* Knit RMG All RMG Knit RMG 1976-77 0.07 - 0.02 - 1979-80 0.67 - 0.09 - 1982-83 10.8 - 1.58 - 1984-85 116.2 - 12.44 - 1986-87 298.7 - 27.81 - 1989-90 624.1 14.8 40.95 0.97 1992-93 1,444.9 204.5 60.64 8.58 1994-95 2,228.2 393.3 64.17 11.32 1995-96 2,547.1 598.3 65.61 15.41 1996-97** 3,001.2 763.3 67.92 17.28 * Exports include both woven and knit-RMG. ** Exports of 1996-97 are estimates based on export per<strong>for</strong>mance between July- April, FY 1997. Source: Export Promotion Bureau, Annual Report (various years). Annex Table 4: Projected female employment in textile and apparel sectors under normal and self-sufficiency conditions (1995-2005) (million person years) Sub-sector of textiles/ 1995 2000 2005 apparel industry (Base year) Normal Self- Normal Selfsufficiency conditions sufficiency conditions conditions RMG Local 0.084 0.161 0.161 0.273 0.273 Export-oriented 1.080 1.742 1.742 2.222 2.222 Dyeing and finishing 0.005 0.014 0.032 0.036 0.128 Weaving (powerloom) 0.003 0.010 0.034 0.025 0.149 Handloom 0.324 0.441 0.441 0.599 0.599 Silk 0.120 0.163 0.163 0.225 0.225 Knitting and hosiery 0.007 0.013 0.013 0.025 0.025 Spinning 0.013 0.026 0.093 0.043 0.397 Total 1.636 2.570 2.679 3.448 4.018 Source: Ministry of Commerce, 1996. 262
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Women’s Employment in the Textile
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This United Nations Research Instit
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Acknowledgements Many people have b
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notwithstanding the inertia of the
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Carol Miller is a policy analyst on
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xii VII. Contribution of different
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Introduction 1 Introduction 1 Shahr
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Introduction Table 1: Basic indicat
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Introduction women have been tradit
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Introduction The chapters on Bangla
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Introduction occurs, on average, at
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Introduction women workers related
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Introduction in low-income countrie
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Introduction by repaying their “d
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Introduction participate in labour
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Introduction their bargaining power
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Introduction processing zones hypot
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Introduction IV. The case studies T
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Introduction experience in garment
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Introduction V. Conclusion Although
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Introduction improved technology. T
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Introduction References Afsar, R. (
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Introduction Household Power Relati
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Wage discrimination by gender in Mo
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Gender and employment in Moroccan t
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Gender dimensions of labour migrati
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Table 1: Total number of male and f
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Becoming a garment worker 5Becoming
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Becoming a garment worker garment w
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Becoming a garment worker Table 1:
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Becoming a garment worker view of t
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Becoming a garment worker that time
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Becoming a garment worker 2. “I e
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Becoming a garment worker out that
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Becoming a garment worker being. Th
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Becoming a garment worker support t
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Becoming a garment worker they firs
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Becoming a garment worker V. Conclu
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Becoming a garment worker is a job
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Becoming a garment worker Endnotes
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Becoming a garment worker Cole P. D
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Women’s employment in the textile
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