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mistress of the vatican.pdf - End Time Deception

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Eleanor Herman<br />

lands, whe<strong>the</strong>r Protestant or Catholic, were to be returned to whomever<br />

owned <strong>the</strong>m in a year arbitrarily chosen, which happened to be<br />

1624.<br />

For <strong>the</strong> first time since Martin Lu<strong>the</strong>r questioned papal authority in<br />

1517, European monarchs accepted that <strong>the</strong> religious divide was irreparable.<br />

There would be no forcing <strong>the</strong> heretics back to <strong>the</strong> fold <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />

Mo<strong>the</strong>r Church. Heretics, <strong>the</strong> treaty acknowledged, were here to stay<br />

and were rich and powerful to boot. It was a humiliating acknowledgment<br />

for Pope Innocent X.<br />

When Innocent heard <strong>the</strong> terms <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> peace treaty, he was furious.<br />

He wanted heretics converted, not tolerated, in Germany. And according<br />

to <strong>the</strong> treaty, <strong>the</strong> church had to hand over to Protestants numerous<br />

territories it had conquered since 1624—three archbishoprics and thirteen<br />

bishoprics, a total <strong>of</strong> sixteen huge territories including thousands <strong>of</strong><br />

churches, monasteries, and pious foundations.<br />

The papal envoy to <strong>the</strong> negotiations, Monsignor Fabio Chigi, stated<br />

that <strong>the</strong> Austrian ambassador, Count Maximilian von Trauttmansdorff,<br />

would sign over Saint Peter’s Basilica itself to <strong>the</strong> Protestants if <strong>the</strong>y<br />

asked for it. No one at <strong>the</strong> table seemed to take <strong>the</strong> church seriously.<br />

Chigi wrote, “To pass <strong>the</strong> time, <strong>the</strong>se gentlemen play with bishoprics<br />

and monasteries as boys play with nuts and marbles.” 15<br />

For centuries, <strong>the</strong> Vatican had been <strong>the</strong> great negotiator, <strong>the</strong> mediator<br />

<strong>of</strong> European wars. Not only was Innocent not invited to mediate <strong>the</strong><br />

treaty, it was signed over his shrieking protests. <strong>Time</strong>s were changing.<br />

Nation-states were rising even as <strong>the</strong> secular importance <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> papacy<br />

fell. The Treaty <strong>of</strong> Westphalia was a watershed event for <strong>the</strong> Vatican,<br />

marking <strong>the</strong> end <strong>of</strong> its diplomatic hegemony and signaling <strong>the</strong> rise <strong>of</strong><br />

<strong>the</strong> modern state. Sadly, everyone knew that Innocent couldn’t keep his<br />

own fractious family members from making war on one ano<strong>the</strong>r, much<br />

less European nations.<br />

Innocent issued a bull dated November 20, 1648, declaring <strong>the</strong> Treaty<br />

<strong>of</strong> Westphalia “null, void, invalid, iniquitous, unjust, damnable, reprobate,<br />

inane, empty <strong>of</strong> meaning and effect for all time.” 16 He was politely<br />

ignored. The Catholic German nations, eager to clean up <strong>the</strong> debris and<br />

move forward, didn’t want <strong>the</strong> pope making any trouble about <strong>the</strong><br />

[ 234 ]

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