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MAPPING THE GREAT BEYOND 81<br />

Plant Nutrition Bullet<strong>in</strong>, no.14, 2003 p. 55; ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/<br />

fao/006/y5066e/y5066e00.pdf<br />

58 John Hagel III, Arthur Armstrong, Net Ga<strong>in</strong>: Expand<strong>in</strong>g Markets<br />

Through Virtual Communities (Harvard Bus<strong>in</strong>ess School Press; 1997) p.<br />

172<br />

59 Report of <strong>the</strong> Defence Science Board, Task Force on Strategic<br />

Communication, January 2008;<br />

60 http://MappaMundiConsult<strong>in</strong>g.com, Example reproduced with<br />

permission of <strong>the</strong> client.<br />

61 Bruce Etl<strong>in</strong>g, John Kelly, Robert Faris, and John Palfrey, <strong>Mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong><br />

<strong>the</strong> Arabic Blogosphere: Politics, Culture, and Dissent (Berkman<br />

Center Research Publication; June 2009); http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/<br />

publications/2009/<strong>Mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong>_<strong>the</strong>_Arabic_Blogosphere<br />

62 Some labels and audiences have been removed to protect data<br />

63 For fur<strong>the</strong>r discussion of <strong>the</strong> application to Public Diplomacy of John<br />

Hagel’s focus on cost per member added see: Ali Fisher, ‘Engag<strong>in</strong>g<br />

with <strong>Networks</strong> and Virtual Communities,’ Wandren PD, April 25,<br />

2008; http://wandrenpd.com/2008/04/25/engag<strong>in</strong>g-with-networks-andvirtual-communities/<br />

64 This is not to suggest all networks must be considered on exactly <strong>the</strong><br />

same metric, as some networks are higher value than o<strong>the</strong>rs; a race to<br />

<strong>the</strong> bottom where networks with <strong>the</strong> lowest cost per member added are<br />

seen as <strong>the</strong> most preferable without reference to participant profile or<br />

<strong>in</strong>teraction would be detrimental.<br />

65 R.S. Zaharna, ‘ The Soft Power Differential: Network Communication<br />

and Mass Communication <strong>in</strong> Public Diplomacy,’ Hague Journal of<br />

Diplomacy, October 2007<br />

66 A larger view of this image can be seen <strong>in</strong> an appendix to this essay. All<br />

word clouds <strong>in</strong> this article are created us<strong>in</strong>g http://Wordle.net<br />

67 Defence Science Board Task Force on Strategic Communication, p. 97<br />

68 Strategic Communication Science and Technology Plan; http://<br />

mounta<strong>in</strong>runner.us/files/sc_st_plan_f<strong>in</strong>al_public.pdf<br />

69 Exchanges Connect, http://connect.state.gov/<br />

70 Daneil Kimmage, ‘Fight Terror With YouTube,’ - Op-Ed <strong>in</strong> The New<br />

York Times, http://www.rferl.org/content/PressRelease/1145413.html;<br />

Steven Corman, ‘Can Facebook Defeat Terrorism?’ COMOPS; http://<br />

comops.org/journal/2008/11/17/can-facebook-defeat-terrorism/; Daniel<br />

Kimmage, The Al-Qaeda Media Nexus; <strong>the</strong> virtual network beh<strong>in</strong>d <strong>the</strong>

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