The Dhaarmik Traditions - Indic Studies Foundation

knowledge of the relationship between a word and the object denoted by the word. It is
produced by the knowledge of resemblance or similarity, given some pre-description
of the new object beforehand.
* Word, or Shabda are also accepted as a pramana. It can be of two types, Vaidika
(Vedic), which are the words of the four sacred Vedas, and are described as the Word
of God, having been composed by God, and Laukika, or words and writings of
trustworthy human beings.
IV. SANKHYA-YOGA: 3 pramANas
1. pratyaksha
2. anumAna
3. shabda (shruti)
V. PRABHAKARA MIIMAMSA: 5 pramANas
1. pratyaksha
2. anumAna
3. upamAna
4. arthApatti (implication)
5. shabda (shruti)
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