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Table 3.3 Financial performance of MFIs classified by client outreach and loan portfolio Categories No. of MFIs OSS MFIs categorised by credit client outreach Small (50,000) Aggregate 44 23 7 74 MFIs categorised by loan portfolio Small (< 5 crore) Medium (5-20 crore) Large (>20 crore) Aggregate Sa-dhan recommended standards 53 14 7 74 Sustainability 73.6 84.2 123.3 110.3 66.6 90 125.8 110.3 100% Asset Quality Source: Tables 13 and 14 of Side-by-Side (Sa-Dhan 2005). PAR CRR OCR TCR 4.3 4.2 1.5 2.2 3.6 4.9 1.3 2.2 < 10% 92.2 93.8 99.3 97.7 93.3 94.3 99.2 97.7 >90% 15.0 20.4 14.2 15.4 12.4 25.9 13.0 15.4
Table 3.4 Comparative performance indicators for MFIs in India, South Asia, and other regions of the world 53 Indicators Scale and Outreach Number of Active Borrowers Gross Loan Portfolio Percent of Women Borrowers Average Balance per Borrower Average Balance per Borrower/ GNI per capita Number of Savers Voluntary Savings Average Savings Balance per Saver Average Savings Balance per Saver/ GNI per capita Financial Structure Capital / Asset Ratio Debt / Equity Ratio Deposits to Loans Deposits to Assets Gross Loan Portfolio / Assets Profitability and Sustainability Return on Assets Return on Equity Operational Self-Sufficiency Revenue Financial Revenue Ratio Profit Margin Expense Total Expense Ratio Financial Expense Ratio Loan Loss Provision Expense Ratio Operating Expense Ratio Efficiency Operating Expense / Loan Portfolio Cost per Borrower (USD) Productivity Borrowers per Staff Member Savers per Staff Member Portfolio Quality PAR>30 Ratio Loan Loss Reserve Ratio Risk Coverage Ratio Write Off Ratio Africa 14,968 3,960,419 62.1% 509 113.4% 40,140 3,995,671 127 43.8% 37.3% 4.2 122.0% 31.2% 64.2% -5.7% -37.6% 97.7% 25.2% -37.3% 30.7% 2.8% 2.2% 25.7% 60.6% 232 149 206 7.9% 6.9% 139.5% 3.5% EAP 97,905 48,220,723 76.5% 291 38.6% 814,176 86,210,649 164 34.3% 37.6% 3.0 37.6% 24.7% 70.5% 0.9% 5.9% 117.5% 28.6% 1.9% 27.2% 5.0% 1.2% 21.0% 32.1% 58 139 179 5.6% 3.7% 5660.8% 2.5% ECA 6,162 10,395,162 53.4% 1,902 187.0% 9,980 9,061,083 1,328 78.3% 60.0% 2.9 20.5% 11.8% 78.1% 5.3% 14.6% 128.9% 30.4% 6.2% 24.3% 2.4% 1.1% 20.7% 28.4% 326 72 27 2.1% 2.0% 413.4% 1.2% LAC 24,162 19,829,124 58.0% 788 53.3% 12,826 14,049,333 2,424 140.0% 32.8% 5.8 26.2% 19.7% 79.9% 2.9% 8.1% 115.8% 31.2% 8.4% 27.6% 6.3% 2.2% 19.1% 26.5% 155 139 95 4.8% 5.0% 255.5% 1.8% MENA 19,165 5,360,530 65.6% 512 28.3% 225 - n/a n/a 71.5% 1.1 0.0% 0.0% 69.5% 3.6% 5.0% 117.2% 22.7% -13.6% 19.0% 1.0% -0.1% 18.2% 35.1% 130 120 - 2.9% 3.4% 155.8% 2.2% Source: Copyright Microfinance Information eXchange, Inc. Performance Indicators by Region and Country. First published in: Performance and Transparency. A survey of microfinance in South Asia. Edited by Hind Tazi. Microfinance Information eXchange, Inc., Washington, DC. January 2006. p. 93. Reprinted with permission. S. Asia 107,875 9,467,381 83.3% 113 22.2% 32,791 2,962,383 64 13.7% 21.3% 29.8 14.0% 7.1% 73.6% -2.3% -6.6% 105.5% 18.5% -19.6% 20.7% 5.1% 1.2% 14.4% 22.0% 25 219 81 7.6% 4.2% 315.5% 0.5% Afghanistan 15,489 1,543,763 67.0% 216 26.9% - - n/a n/a 41.1% 3.0 0.0% 0.0% 66.1% -66.7% -226.8% 33.2% 21.2% -319.2% 87.9% 4.2% 2.0% 81.7% 126.7% 152 54 - 0.4% 2.6% 585.4% 0.1% Bangladesh 221,099 15,872,904 94.0% 66 15.3% 56,685 5,682,724 15 3.7% 23.5% (1.5) 3.0% 2.2% 75.8% 3.6% 17.2% 125.7% 19.8% 15.3% 16.1% 3.4% 0.8% 11.9% 15.8% 10 131 12 5.8% 3.9% 277.5% 0.3% India 44,031 5,647,202 90.4% 134 21.6% 4,056 236,530 121 19.6% 10.6% 122.8 8.4% 7.1% 83.0% -1.5% -10.2% 98.5% 20.7% -7.8% 22.0% 8.5% 1.3% 12.3% 15.5% 14 439 115 4.4% 1.6% 482.6% 0.5% Nepal 19,766 2,148,174 90.5% 131 50.4% 22,784 607,200 47 18.1% 9.2% 12.3 37.4% 21.3% 52.3% 1.0% 12.1% 110.0% 13.3% 7.9% 12.0% 5.1% 1.2% 5.7% 11.5% 14 152 186 6.2% 4.7% 89.5% 0.5% Pakistan 24,179 3,490,386 47.8% 175 33.1% 5,084 303,747 146 31.0% 32.9% (19.7) 24.6% 1.7% 65.2% -8.2% -32.3% 73.6% 13.2% -90.7% 21.4% 4.3% 2.3% 14.8% 34.6% 67 171 28 20.5% 9.6% 180.6% 1.0% Sri Lanka 43,347 7,370,274 65.8% 124 12.8% 106,168 5,682,913 33 3.4% 28.1% 4.2 61.7% 34.4% 67.5% -0.1% 3.5% 101.3% 15.5% -15.8% 15.1% 4.3% 0.5% 10.4% 19.3% 16 175 369 11.1% 5.4% 116.3% 0.4% Progress Under the MFI Model
Page 3: Microfinance in India A State of th
Page 6 and 7: List of Tables Page No Table 2.1 Gr
Page 8 and 9: Preface and Acknowledgements This r
Page 10 and 11: Abbreviations ABC ADB BC BF CAR CAG
Page 13 and 14: CHAPTER 1 Overview and Summary of M
Page 15 and 16: Overview and Summary of Main Recomm
Page 27: Overview and Summary of Main Recomm
Page 30 and 31: 1 1a 1b 2 2a 2b 2c 3 3a 3b 3c 4 4a
Page 32 and 33: The Light and Shades Study A major
Page 34 and 35: highest proportion of weak records
Page 36 and 37: their profitability after accountin
Page 38 and 39: allow the programme to grow organic
Page 40 and 41: 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8
Page 42 and 43: Endnotes 1 It is very hard to compa
Page 44 and 45: as cash with the groups, the true r
Page 46 and 47: linkages", 11 percent 3rd, and 5 pe
Page 48 and 49: References APMAS (AP Mahila Abhivru
Page 51 and 52: CHAPTER 3 Progress Under the MFI Mo
Page 53: Progress Under the MFI Model is fun
Page 57 and 58: Progress Under the MFI Model on lit
Page 59 and 60: Progress Under the MFI Model 4 Howe
Page 61: Progress Under the MFI Model Refere
Page 64 and 65: MFIs, and the need for MFIs to plou
Page 66 and 67: size had actually come down during
Page 68 and 69: The point at which peer group press
Page 70 and 71: The lack of contact and communicati
Page 72 and 73: Box 4.1 Continued 4. MFIs will coll
Page 74 and 75: Endnotes 1 There will be many disag
Page 76 and 77: 19 The base suicide rate in AP is 1
Page 78 and 79: References APMAS, 2005, "A Report o
Page 80 and 81: (such as cattle and houses), and co
Page 82 and 83: The advantage of the provider model
Page 84 and 85: Some lessons learnt from experience
Page 86 and 87: Box 5.2 VimoSEWA: Synergies between
Page 88 and 89: 86 Table 5.1 Main Feature of Health
Page 90 and 91: Endnotes 1 While the microinsurance
Page 92 and 93: 16 A little less than a fifth of th
Page 94 and 95: 29 The rationale for transfer progr
Page 96 and 97: Roth, James and Vijay Athreye, 2005
Page 98 and 99: Issues and priorities for action re
Page 100 and 101: Endnotes 1 See for instance CGAP (2
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such as Chaitanya who soon became s
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money to support operational expens
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finance, and the microfinancial ski
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Box 6.1 Continued in experts and to
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Endnotes 1 In a sense it always was
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16 Examples are Margdarshak in Luck
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114
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Table 7:1 Commercial bank exposure
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The main constraints to the expansi
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further review, RBI has modified th
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9 Thus ICICI has sold some of its b
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B. Equity Investments by the Ventur
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Figure : The Bellwether triangle Lo
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Despite the weaknesses the public s
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Box 7.1 Continued foreign sources o
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Endnotes 1 At this point they will
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References ACCION, 2003, "The Servi
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SIDBI Foundation for Micro Credit (
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categories, depending on the amount
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The distribution of total disbursem
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Endnotes 1 It should be noted that
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B. Donor Participation in Indian Mi
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this has dropped to 8% on the curre
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and poor populations. More directly
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and expansion of available retailer
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11 SDC through various programs for
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154
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1.1 Impact evaluation of Spandana's
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in the loan tenure of 24 months. Th
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There are two main motivations of a
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compensation structures used by Ind
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Endnotes 1 By Annie Duflo, Anvesha
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29 The main components of direct tr
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