The Role of Sustainable Land Management for Climate ... - CAADP

More documents

Recommendations

Info

! 4. Policies and Strategies to Promote Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation in SSA through SLM While elements of SLM have had some success in isolated settings in Africa, a range of policy, institutional, and knowledge barriers prevent larger uptake. In this section we discuss policies and strategies to promote climate change mitigation and adaption in sub-Saharan Africa through promoting sustainable land management. First we review existing policies and strategies, and the extent of their implementation. Then we consider opportunities and constraints to scaling up mitigation and adaptation using SLM approaches, and based on this, identify options to take advantage of the opportunities and overcome the constraints. The key messages are summarized at the beginning of each major subsection. 4.1. Existing Policies and Strategies Related to Climate Change and SLM Key messages • There are many policy frameworks, strategies, institutions and programs affecting opportunities and constraints to promote climate change mitigation and adaptation through SLM in SSA. Among the most potentially important are the CDM, the voluntary carbon market, climate mitigation and adaptation funds, the UNCCD, NEPAD/CAADP, TerrAfrica and regional, sub-regional and national policy processes linked to these. SLM can provide an integrative framework for the various policy conventions and available financing mechanisms. • The current use of these mechanisms to support SLM projects in SSA is very limited: o Only 10 afforestation or reforestation projects in SSA are in the CDM pipeline. o No offsets are supplied to the CCX by SLM projects in SSA, and only about 0.2 MtCO 2 e were offset through other voluntary transactions involving land management in SSA in 2007 (less than 0.5% of global voluntary transactions). o Many carbon mitigation funds have been established, but most do not support AFOLU activities in SSA. ! %*!
! o Several adaptation funds have been established, but they are small compared to the total need, and access to these funds in SSA has been very limited so far. o Implementation of National Action Programmes of the UNCCD has been limited by funding constraints and other factors. • NEPAD’s CAADP and TerrAfrica are working in partnership to promote upscaling of SLM in Africa, with increasing focus on climate change mitigation and adaption. o TerrAfrica has mobilized $150 million in funds that are expected to leverage an additional $1 billion to support this goal. o CAADP and TerrAfrica are working with African governments to develop and support CSIFs for SLM. Integrating strategies and programs to promote SLM and address climate change with each other and with national development strategies and policies is a major challenge. Addressing this challenge is a major emphasis of the CSIFs. The existing policies and strategies that affect climate change mitigation and adaptation activities in SSA through SLM include multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs), such as the UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol, the UNCCD, the CBD, and other relevant MEAs; and voluntary carbon markets and related mitigation projects and activities. These also include regional initiatives to promote SLM, including the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP) and the Environment Action Plan of the New Partnership for African Development (NEPAD), the TerrAfrica partnership, and the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA). Most of these initiatives involve consultative planning processes at the subregional level, usually involving the regional economic communities (RECs), as well as detailed planning and implementation processes at the national level. In addition, most nations have broader policy and development strategy frameworks that initiatives related to climate change and SLM must be consistent with and support, such as their poverty reduction strategies, rural development strategies, environmental policy frameworks, and others. We discuss each of these policies and strategies briefly, focusing on aspects most relevant to promoting climate change mitigation and adaptation in SSA through SLM. ! %+!
Page 1 and 2: Land&Climate The Role of Sustainabl
Page 3 and 4: PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Climate
Page 5 and 6: Table of Contents Executive Summary
Page 7 and 8: List of Figures Figure 2-1. Number
Page 9 and 10: ICRISAT IGAD IPCC ISDR JI lCER LDCF
Page 11 and 12: ! EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Coping with cli
Page 13 and 14: ! organic carbon. SLM represents a
Page 15 and 16: ! tenure insecurity in many African
Page 17 and 18: ! To achieve success in the first t
Page 19 and 20: ! degradation, soil and biomass car
Page 21 and 22: ! 2. The Challenge of Climate Varia
Page 23 and 24: ! production and food security for
Page 25 and 26: ! production in Africa and other re
Page 27 and 28: ! Ethiopia consider soil and water
Page 29 and 30: ! the region is degraded to such an
Page 31 and 32: ! In terms of affected area, UNEP (
Page 33 and 34: ! techniques, like bunding (e.g. Ke
Page 35 and 36: ! flooding in sloping lands and pro
Page 37 and 38: ! Reducing Emissions from Deforesta
Page 39 and 40: ! organic carbon. Principles of div
Page 41 and 42: ! A first major impact in Africa wo
Page 43: ! the practices and qualitatively a
Page 47 and 48: ! feeding practices), improved fert
Page 49 and 50: ! billion for the CTF and $2.0 bill
Page 51 and 52: ! require social and environment be
Page 53 and 54: ! focus on financing CDM and/or JI
Page 55 and 56: ! nations have ratified (or adopted
Page 57 and 58: ! vulnerability assessment, develop
Page 59 and 60: ! The TerrAfrica partnership is pla
Page 61 and 62: ! o increased use of voluntary carb
Page 63 and 64: ! • increased integration of clim
Page 65 and 66: ! allowances and offsets are within
Page 67 and 68: ! greater financial resources than
Page 69 and 70: ! activities (these challenges are
Page 71 and 72: ! CER can be carried over to subseq
Page 73 and 74: ! However, the limited extent of su
Page 75 and 76: ! doubts about the verifiability an
Page 77 and 78: ! REDD payments also could have neg
Page 79 and 80: ! VCS, rather than trying to measur
Page 81 and 82: ! Applied research and knowledge ma
Page 83 and 84: ! important to address, so that the
Page 85 and 86: ! As shown earlier in this report,
Page 87 and 88: ! non-A/R projects (a lower thresho
Page 89 and 90: ! countries, including national pov
Page 91 and 92: ! and developing programs and proje
Page 93 and 94: ! • Land degradation increases th
Page 95 and 96:
! • Constraints to increased use
Page 97 and 98:
! and TerrAfrica process to develop
Page 99 and 100:
! Table 2-2. Projected mean tempera
Page 101 and 102:
! Table 2-5. Severe environmental c
Page 103 and 104:
! Table 3-2. Importance of Causes o
Page 105 and 106:
! Practice Adaptation aspects Mitig
Page 107 and 108:
! Table 4-1. Carbon markets, volume
Page 109 and 110:
! Table 4-3. Summary of Progress du
Page 111 and 112:
! Figure 2-3. Projected increases i
Page 113 and 114:
! Figure 3-1. NDVI based estimates
Page 115 and 116:
! Figure 3-3. Greenhouse gas emissi
Page 117 and 118:
! Figure 4-2. Potential savings by
Page 119 and 120:
! References ! Ambrosi, P. 2009. No
Page 121 and 122:
! Dregne, H. and M. Kassas. 1991. A
Page 123 and 124:
! Kruseman, G., Ruben, R. and G. Te
Page 125 and 126:
! Sustainable Land Management in th
Page 127:
! United States Government Accounta
show all

The Role of Sustainable Land Management for Climate ... - CAADP

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?