The Role of Sustainable Land Management for Climate ... - CAADP

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! the Convention for the Protection, Management and Development of the Marine and Coastal Environment of the Eastern African Region, the Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-Based Activities, and the International Coral Reef Initiative. Strategies and activities related to SLM and climate change mitigation and adaptation are likely to have impacts on the resources covered by these MEAs; hence coordination is needed to ensure that synergies are promoted and tradeoffs minimized among the objectives of these different agreements. 4.1.7. NEPAD: CAADP and EAP The New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) is a vision and strategic framework for Africa’s renewal. The NEPAD strategic framework document was adopted in 2001 by the Organization for African Unity (now the African Union). NEPAD’s primary objectives are to eradicate poverty, promote sustainable growth and development, integrate Africa in the world economy, and accelerate the empowerment of women. NEPAD has undertaken several initiatives to achieve its objectives. Among these, those most directly relevant to issues of SLM and climate change are the Environment Action Plan (EAP) and the Comprehensive African Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP). The EAP, which was adopted in 2003, proposes strategies and activities to promote sustainable management of environmental resources in Africa, focusing on the following themes: combating land degradation, drought and desertification; wetlands; invasive species; marine and coastal resources; cross-border conservation of natural resources; climate change; and crosscutting issues. The program of the EAP on combating land degradation, drought and desertification was based on the action programs of the UNCCD, with the objective of facilitating implementation of the UNCCD through support to finalizing and implementing NAPs and SRAPs, strengthening information collection and knowledge sharing systems, harnessing indigenous knowledge of land management, strengthening and mobilizing scientific, technical, institutional and human capacities; establishing regional centers of excellence, enhancing public awareness and education in support of the convention, promoting participation of civil society and local communities in implementing the convention, and promoting South- South cooperation. Implementation of this program area is achieved in collaboration with the implementing agencies of the UNCCD. The program of the EAP on climate change focuses on ! &,!
! vulnerability assessment, development of adaptation strategies, implementation of pilot projects and capacity strengthening activities. Projects prioritized by the EAP on climate change include promotion of renewable energy; establishment of linkages between climate change experts and energy initiative capacity development for sustainable development and the CDM; and evaluating synergies of climate adaptation and mitigation activities through pilot projects in agroforestry. The CAADP is the most ambitious and comprehensive agricultural reform effort yet undertaken in Africa, addressing policy and capacity issues in agriculture across the entire continent. Development of the CAADP began in 2002, and was given major impetus by the Maputo Declaration in 2003, in which the African Union leaders endorsed CAADP and committed to increasing agriculture’s share of their national budgets to at least 10% and achieve a 6% annual growth in agricultural production by 2015. The CAADP program was developed through a series of consultations (“roundtables”) at regional, sub-regional and national levels. It is based on four pillars:!i) sustainable land and water management; ii) improving market access; iii) increasing food supply and reducing hunger; and iv) improving agricultural research and technology adoption. Although there has been great progress in developing the overall program and the content of the specific pillars, these have not been fully operationalized yet. To operationalize Pillar 1 on sustainable land and water management, the proposed focus is to be on addressing various barriers to upscaling SLM in Africa, including knowledge management barriers, institutional and governance barriers, financial resource bottlenecks, legislative and regulatory barriers, and monitoring and evaluation (M&E) barriers (Bwalya, et al. 2009). The road map envisioned to achieve the goal of sustainable land and water management (SLWM) includes steps to build a regional consensus about SLWM, conduct an awareness raising and consensus building campaign, building African-owned coalitions and partnerships, developing a mechanism for coordinating and harmonizing grants, developing a Strategic Investment Program (SIP) for SLWM in Africa, developing a regional knowledge base, developing generic country specific SLWM investment framework (CSIF) guidelines, developing generic M&E guidelines, providing a platform for providing comprehensive support to agricultural water in SSA, and leveraging the political dialogue and addressing international rivers and riparian issues (Ibid.). These steps are to be taken in the context of the TerrAfrica partnership. ! '-!
Page 1 and 2:
Land&Climate The Role of Sustainabl
Page 3 and 4:
PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Climate
Page 5 and 6: Table of Contents Executive Summary
Page 7 and 8: List of Figures Figure 2-1. Number
Page 9 and 10: ICRISAT IGAD IPCC ISDR JI lCER LDCF
Page 11 and 12: ! EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Coping with cli
Page 13 and 14: ! organic carbon. SLM represents a
Page 15 and 16: ! tenure insecurity in many African
Page 17 and 18: ! To achieve success in the first t
Page 19 and 20: ! degradation, soil and biomass car
Page 21 and 22: ! 2. The Challenge of Climate Varia
Page 23 and 24: ! production and food security for
Page 25 and 26: ! production in Africa and other re
Page 27 and 28: ! Ethiopia consider soil and water
Page 29 and 30: ! the region is degraded to such an
Page 31 and 32: ! In terms of affected area, UNEP (
Page 33 and 34: ! techniques, like bunding (e.g. Ke
Page 35 and 36: ! flooding in sloping lands and pro
Page 37 and 38: ! Reducing Emissions from Deforesta
Page 39 and 40: ! organic carbon. Principles of div
Page 41 and 42: ! A first major impact in Africa wo
Page 43 and 44: ! the practices and qualitatively a
Page 45 and 46: ! o Several adaptation funds have b
Page 47 and 48: ! feeding practices), improved fert
Page 49 and 50: ! billion for the CTF and $2.0 bill
Page 51 and 52: ! require social and environment be
Page 53 and 54: ! focus on financing CDM and/or JI
Page 55: ! nations have ratified (or adopted
Page 59 and 60: ! The TerrAfrica partnership is pla
Page 61 and 62: ! o increased use of voluntary carb
Page 63 and 64: ! • increased integration of clim
Page 65 and 66: ! allowances and offsets are within
Page 67 and 68: ! greater financial resources than
Page 69 and 70: ! activities (these challenges are
Page 71 and 72: ! CER can be carried over to subseq
Page 73 and 74: ! However, the limited extent of su
Page 75 and 76: ! doubts about the verifiability an
Page 77 and 78: ! REDD payments also could have neg
Page 79 and 80: ! VCS, rather than trying to measur
Page 81 and 82: ! Applied research and knowledge ma
Page 83 and 84: ! important to address, so that the
Page 85 and 86: ! As shown earlier in this report,
Page 87 and 88: ! non-A/R projects (a lower thresho
Page 89 and 90: ! countries, including national pov
Page 91 and 92: ! and developing programs and proje
Page 93 and 94: ! • Land degradation increases th
Page 95 and 96: ! • Constraints to increased use
Page 97 and 98: ! and TerrAfrica process to develop
Page 99 and 100: ! Table 2-2. Projected mean tempera
Page 101 and 102: ! Table 2-5. Severe environmental c
Page 103 and 104: ! Table 3-2. Importance of Causes o
Page 105 and 106: ! Practice Adaptation aspects Mitig
Page 107 and 108:
! Table 4-1. Carbon markets, volume
Page 109 and 110:
! Table 4-3. Summary of Progress du
Page 111 and 112:
! Figure 2-3. Projected increases i
Page 113 and 114:
! Figure 3-1. NDVI based estimates
Page 115 and 116:
! Figure 3-3. Greenhouse gas emissi
Page 117 and 118:
! Figure 4-2. Potential savings by
Page 119 and 120:
! References ! Ambrosi, P. 2009. No
Page 121 and 122:
! Dregne, H. and M. Kassas. 1991. A
Page 123 and 124:
! Kruseman, G., Ruben, R. and G. Te
Page 125 and 126:
! Sustainable Land Management in th
Page 127:
! United States Government Accounta
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