Chapter 9 - Instructional Media: Chalkboards to Video - CGISS

would do something. Simulations can be repeated to achieve
continuous improvement until a standard level of performance
is reached.
Limitations: The simulations have to be designed for each
situation in which performance is being assessed. Designing
and building the simulations is costly and time consuming.
Once a student is made aware that the situation is a simulation,
stresses associated with real world performance are
significantly reduced, resulting in an inaccurate measure of the
student’s actual capacity to perform.
Contextual considerations: The simulator must be tested and
calibrated at the student’s location. Many simulations are done
with computers, and this makes their assessment results easy
to pass on to other computers.
Resources on
Testing
Books/Articles
• Anderson, P. S. (1987). The MDT innovation: Machine scoring of fillin-the-blank
tests. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED
307 287)
• Astin, A. W. (1991). Assessment for excellence: The philosophy and
practice of assessment and evaluation in higher education. New
York: American Council on Education/Oryx Press.
• Ben-Chiam, D., & Zoller, U. (1997). Examination-type preferences of
secondary school students and their teachers in the science
disciplines. Instructional Science, 25, (5), 347-67.
• Bloom, B. S., & Madaus, G. (1981). Evaluation to improve learning.
New York: McGraw-Hill.
• Boaler, J. (1998). Alternative approaches to teaching, learning and
assessing mathematics. Evaluation and Program Planning, 21 (2),
129-141
• Cashin, W. E. (1987). Improving essay tests. (Idea Paper No. 17).
Manhattan, KS: Kansas State University, Center for Faculty
Evaluation & Development.
• Clegg, V. L., & Cashin, W. E. (1986). Improving multiple-choice test.
(Idea Paper No. 16). Manhattan, KS: Kansas State University, Center
for Faculty Evaluation & Development.
• Cooke, J. C., Drennan, J. D., & Drennan, P. (1997). Peer evaluation
as a real life-learning tool. The Technology Teacher, 23-27
• Cross, K. P., & Angelo, T.A. (1993). Classroom assessment
techniques: A handbook for college teachers (2 nd ed.). San Francisco:
Jossey-Bass.
Section: Student Assessment 185 Chapter 12: Testing Issues