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Regulatory Procedures Use of Chemicals The PPQ Treatment Manual and the guidelines identify the authorized chemicals, and describe the methods and rates of application, and any special application instructions. For further information refer to Control Procedures on page 6-1. Concurrence by PPQ is necessary before using any chemical or procedure for regulatory purposes. No chemical can be recommended that is not specifically labeled for Tuta absoluta. 5-6 Tomato Leafminer 6/2011 Emergency and Domestic Programs
6 Control Tomato Leafminer Procedures 1 Contents Introduction 6-1 Overview of Emergency Programs 6-2 Treatment Options 6-2 Eradication 6-3 Cultural Control 6-3 Managing Insecticide Resistance 6-7 Similar Species 6-9 Insecticides 6-9 Fumigation 6-15 Irradiation 6-15 Integrated Pest Management 6-16 Population Monitoring 6-17 Mass-Trapping 6-18 Biological Control 6-21 Mating Disruption 6-24 Environmental Documentation and Monitoring 6-25 Introduction Use Chapter 6 Control Procedures as a guide to controlling the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick). Consider the treatment options described within this chapter when taking action to eradicate, contain, or suppress the tomato leafminer. Because of its biology and behavior, Tuta absoluta is a challenging pest to control. Tuta absoluta produces several broods each year. After emergence, larvae can either tie together leaves or young shoots to create a shelter from which to feed (Pastrana, 1967), or immediately penetrate the young fruit, leaves, buds, or stems where they feed and develop. Pupation occurs inside galleries, in dried plant material, or in soil. Effective chemical control is difficult because Tuta absoluta feeds internally. Its ability to produce many offspring also facilitates the development of pesticide 6/2011 Tomato Leafminer 6-1 Emergency and Domestic Programs
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United States Department of Agricul
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Contents 1 Tomato Leafminer Content
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Contents Traceback and Trace-Forwar
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Contents Introduction 1 Overview 1
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Figures 1 Tomato Leafminer Figure 2
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Tables 1 Tomato Leafminer Table 1-1
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Acknowledgements 2 Tomato Leafminer
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1 Introduction Tomato Leafminer 1 C
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Introduction Initiating an Emergenc
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Introduction The Introduction conta
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Introduction Boldfacing Boldfaced t
Page 23 and 24: Introduction Transmittal Number The
Page 25 and 26: 2 Pest Tomato Leafminer Information
Page 27 and 28: Pest Information Povolny (1964) des
Page 29 and 30: Pest Information predictive pest ma
Page 31 and 32: Pest Information Hosts Hosts report
Page 33 and 34: Pest Information A recent report fr
Page 35 and 36: Pest Information The authors also r
Page 37 and 38: Pest Information When outside of th
Page 39 and 40: Pest Information Larvae of Tuta abs
Page 41 and 42: 3 Identification Tomato Leafminer 1
Page 43 and 44: Identification Figure 3-1 Tuta abso
Page 45 and 46: Identification Figure 3-4 Tuta abso
Page 47 and 48: 4 Survey Tomato Leafminer Procedure
Page 49 and 50: Survey Procedures Detection Survey
Page 51 and 52: Survey Procedures Targeted Survey C
Page 53 and 54: Survey Procedures 4. Record the ave
Page 55 and 56: Survey Procedures Figure 4-4 Tuta a
Page 57 and 58: Survey Procedures Rubber septa lure
Page 59 and 60: Survey Procedures Figure 4-9 Pan Tr
Page 61 and 62: Survey Procedures McPhail Traps McP
Page 63 and 64: Survey Procedures Guidelines for To
Page 65 and 66: Survey Procedures Table 4-4 High Ri
Page 67 and 68: Survey Procedures Data Collection R
Page 69 and 70: 5 Regulatory Tomato Leafminer Proce
Page 71 and 72: Regulatory Procedures Tribal Govern
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Page 77 and 78: Control Procedures Treatments can i
Page 79 and 80: Control Procedures In particular, v
Page 81 and 82: Control Procedures Managing Insecti
Page 83 and 84: Control Procedures Similar Species
Page 85 and 86: Control Procedures Table 6-3 Insect
Page 87 and 88: Control Procedures tomatoes, pepper
Page 89 and 90: Control Procedures control of tomat
Page 91 and 92: Control Procedures ◆ Crop rotatio
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Page 95 and 96: Control Procedures combination of s
Page 97 and 98: Control Procedures Table 6-7 Biolog
Page 99 and 100: Control Procedures Environmental Do
Page 101 and 102: 7 Environmental Tomato Leafminer Co
Page 103 and 104: Environmental Compliance Environmen
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Page 107 and 108: 8 Pathways Tomato Leafminer 1 Conte
Page 109 and 110: Pathways Table 8-1 European and Med
Page 111 and 112: Pathways Table 8-2 Countries Consid
Page 113 and 114: Pathways Table 8-3 Import Requireme
Page 115 and 116: Pathways Table 8-4 Import Statistic
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Page 119 and 120: Pathways Table 8-5 Shipping Weight
Page 121 and 122: Pathways sicum esculentum), potato
Page 123 and 124: Pathways Natural Spread Adults of T
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Pathways Finally, end-consumers mig
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References 2 Tomato Leafminer 7 CFR
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References Brambila, J., S. Lee, an
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References EPA. 2006. Reregistratio
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References EPPO. 2009r. New data on
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References Faria, C. A., J. B. Torr
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References IRAC. 2007. Tomato leafw
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References Mallia, D. 2009. Guideli
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References Picanço, M. C. 2006. IR
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References Russell IPM Ltd. 2009b.
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References Uchoa-Fernandes, M. A.,
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A Forms Tomato Leafminer 1 Contents
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Forms OMB Information According to
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Forms Table A-1 Instructions for Co
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Forms PPQ 523 Emergency Action Noti
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Forms Table A-2 Instructions for Co
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B Field Tomato Leafminer Screening
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C Diagnostic Tomato Leafminer Aid f
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D Diagnostic Tomato Leafminer Aid f
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E Field Tomato Leafminer Screening
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F How to Submit Insect Specimens 1
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How to Submit Insect Specimens Dry
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G Taxonomic Tomato Leafminer Suppor
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Taxonomic Support for Surveys Other
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Taxonomic Support for Surveys Lab:
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Taxonomic Support for Surveys Data
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Tomato Leafminer Index 1 A acknowle
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smuggling of infested commodities 8
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