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Control Procedures Beauveria bassiana (strain GHA 1991) was tested alone or in combination with Bacillus thurengiensis for control of Tuta absoluta in open tomato fields in Ibiza, Spain (Torres Gregorio et al., 2009). Both treatments reduced the number and severity of fruit damage when compared to the control. Mating Disruption Michereff-Filho et al. (2000) examined the use of mating disruption for Tuta absoluta in small plots of fresh market tomatoes in Brazil. The effectiveness of the technique was assessed through trap captures of males in disrupted plots, mating frequency in mating tables, as well as plant damage. The highest levels of disruption (60 to 90 percent) were recorded in plots treated with 35 to 50 g/ ha of sex pheromone. However, no treatment was capable of significantly reducing the percentage of mined leaflets or bored fruits or the frequency of mating as compared to the control plots. The results may be attributed to the composition of the synthetic pheromone, doses used, high pest population density, and mated female migration to the area treated. More recently, Navarro-Llopis et al. (2010) used mating disruption against Tuta absoluta in tomato greenhouses in Spain. Their results showed that T. absoluta can be controlled with mating disruption if the treatments are carried out in greenhouses with good isolation which prevents the moth from entering from the outside. Although the method appears effective, final adoption will depend on the price of the pheromone dispenser. Marti-Marti et al. (2010) also suggested that more economical and long-lasting pheromone dispensers need to be available before mating disruption can be considered as a suppression technique for this pest. A pheromone lure consisting of an amorphous polymer matrix and (3E, 8Z, 11Z)-3,8,11-tetradecatrien-1-yl acetate (Tuta absoluta pheromone) is commercially available for mating disruption applications (ISCA, 2010). The polymer matrix allows for the sustained release of the pheromone. The product is applied early in the season, prior to and at the first sign of male flight, as a dollop at the upper one-third of the plant foliage. The dollops cure in 2 to 3 hours to become rainfast and UV resistant. 6-24 Tomato Leafminer 6/2011 Emergency and Domestic Programs
Control Procedures Environmental Documentation and Monitoring Obtain all required environmental documentation before beginning. Contact Environmental Services Staff for the most recent documentation. For further information, refer to Environmental Compliance on page 7-1. 6/2011 Tomato Leafminer 6-25 Emergency and Domestic Programs
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United States Department of Agricul
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Contents 1 Tomato Leafminer Content
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Contents Traceback and Trace-Forwar
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Contents Introduction 1 Overview 1
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Figures 1 Tomato Leafminer Figure 2
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Tables 1 Tomato Leafminer Table 1-1
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Acknowledgements 2 Tomato Leafminer
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1 Introduction Tomato Leafminer 1 C
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Introduction Initiating an Emergenc
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Introduction The Introduction conta
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Introduction Boldfacing Boldfaced t
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Introduction Transmittal Number The
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2 Pest Tomato Leafminer Information
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Pest Information Povolny (1964) des
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Pest Information predictive pest ma
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Pest Information Hosts Hosts report
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Pest Information A recent report fr
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Pest Information The authors also r
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Pest Information When outside of th
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Pest Information Larvae of Tuta abs
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3 Identification Tomato Leafminer 1
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Identification Figure 3-1 Tuta abso
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Identification Figure 3-4 Tuta abso
Page 47 and 48: 4 Survey Tomato Leafminer Procedure
Page 49 and 50: Survey Procedures Detection Survey
Page 51 and 52: Survey Procedures Targeted Survey C
Page 53 and 54: Survey Procedures 4. Record the ave
Page 55 and 56: Survey Procedures Figure 4-4 Tuta a
Page 57 and 58: Survey Procedures Rubber septa lure
Page 59 and 60: Survey Procedures Figure 4-9 Pan Tr
Page 61 and 62: Survey Procedures McPhail Traps McP
Page 63 and 64: Survey Procedures Guidelines for To
Page 65 and 66: Survey Procedures Table 4-4 High Ri
Page 67 and 68: Survey Procedures Data Collection R
Page 69 and 70: 5 Regulatory Tomato Leafminer Proce
Page 71 and 72: Regulatory Procedures Tribal Govern
Page 73 and 74: Regulatory Procedures Regulated Are
Page 75 and 76: 6 Control Tomato Leafminer Procedur
Page 77 and 78: Control Procedures Treatments can i
Page 79 and 80: Control Procedures In particular, v
Page 81 and 82: Control Procedures Managing Insecti
Page 83 and 84: Control Procedures Similar Species
Page 85 and 86: Control Procedures Table 6-3 Insect
Page 87 and 88: Control Procedures tomatoes, pepper
Page 89 and 90: Control Procedures control of tomat
Page 91 and 92: Control Procedures ◆ Crop rotatio
Page 93 and 94: Control Procedures Procedure— 1.
Page 95 and 96: Control Procedures combination of s
Page 97: Control Procedures Table 6-7 Biolog
Page 101 and 102: 7 Environmental Tomato Leafminer Co
Page 103 and 104: Environmental Compliance Environmen
Page 105 and 106: Environmental Compliance consider i
Page 107 and 108: 8 Pathways Tomato Leafminer 1 Conte
Page 109 and 110: Pathways Table 8-1 European and Med
Page 111 and 112: Pathways Table 8-2 Countries Consid
Page 113 and 114: Pathways Table 8-3 Import Requireme
Page 115 and 116: Pathways Table 8-4 Import Statistic
Page 117 and 118: Pathways Perú, Poland, Portugal (i
Page 119 and 120: Pathways Table 8-5 Shipping Weight
Page 121 and 122: Pathways sicum esculentum), potato
Page 123 and 124: Pathways Natural Spread Adults of T
Page 125 and 126: Pathways Finally, end-consumers mig
Page 127 and 128: References 2 Tomato Leafminer 7 CFR
Page 129 and 130: References Brambila, J., S. Lee, an
Page 131 and 132: References EPA. 2006. Reregistratio
Page 133 and 134: References EPPO. 2009r. New data on
Page 135 and 136: References Faria, C. A., J. B. Torr
Page 137 and 138: References IRAC. 2007. Tomato leafw
Page 139 and 140: References Mallia, D. 2009. Guideli
Page 141 and 142: References Picanço, M. C. 2006. IR
Page 143 and 144: References Russell IPM Ltd. 2009b.
Page 145 and 146: References Uchoa-Fernandes, M. A.,
Page 147 and 148: A Forms Tomato Leafminer 1 Contents
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Forms OMB Information According to
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Forms Table A-1 Instructions for Co
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Forms PPQ 523 Emergency Action Noti
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Forms Table A-2 Instructions for Co
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B Field Tomato Leafminer Screening
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C Diagnostic Tomato Leafminer Aid f
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D Diagnostic Tomato Leafminer Aid f
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E Field Tomato Leafminer Screening
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F How to Submit Insect Specimens 1
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How to Submit Insect Specimens Dry
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G Taxonomic Tomato Leafminer Suppor
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Taxonomic Support for Surveys Other
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Taxonomic Support for Surveys Lab:
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Taxonomic Support for Surveys Data
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Tomato Leafminer Index 1 A acknowle
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smuggling of infested commodities 8
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1 - Phytosanitary Resources

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