12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow - Earth Science India

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National Conference on Science of Climate Change and Earth’s Sustainability: Issues and Challenges ‘A Scientist-People Partnership’ 12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow PACIFIC NORTH AMERICA OSCILLATION AND THE INDIAN SUMMER MONSOON RAINFALL IN RELATION TO QBO R. Bhatla 1 , Hari Ghimri 1 and R.K. Mall 2 1 Department of Geophysics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. 2 Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. Various studies show the evidence for the variability of the pressure anomaly over North Pacific Ocean and North American region. The importance of this phenomenon in causing persistent anomalies over different regions of the globe has drawn considerable attention in view of its relevance in climate assessment. The association of the pacific north American pattern (PNA) with Indian summer monsoon have been examined by considering the 53 years data from 1954-2006 by using the correlation technique for full time series as well as by grouping the data according to the easterly and westerly phase of Quasi Biennial Oscillation (QBO) at 50- hpa level. The 30-year sliding correlation coefficient also has been made to know the PNA parameter is efficient predictor of Indian summer monsoon rainfall in present condition. In both cases DJFMAM, FMA, MAM and April shows the significant association with Indian summer monsoon rainfall and association of these parameter is also changed according with QBO phase. DETERMINANTS OF PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ATTITUDES ON CLIMATE CHANGE OF HIGHLAND COMMUNITIES IN SIKKIM HIMALAYA – MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS WITH LOGISTIC REGRESSION Manoranjan Mishra 1 , Vimal Khawas 2 , Amrita Singh 3 , Kausila Timsina 3 , Karma Detsen Omgu Bhutia 3 and A. BalaSuddareshwaran 3 1 Department of Geography and Natural Resource Management, Sikkim University. 2 School of Policy and Planning, Sikkim University. 3 M.Sc. Department of Geography and Natural Resource Management, Sikkim University. email: geo.manu05@gmail.com The global environmental changes are expected to affect most the highland communities around the world which is a contested and complex environment with many conflicts of interest and challenges surrounding the use and management of 132
National Conference on Science of Climate Change and Earth’s Sustainability: Issues and Challenges ‘A Scientist-People Partnership’ 12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow natural resources (IPCC, 2007; World Bank, 2008 & Douglas, 2009). These marginalized isolated highland communities are going to face the climatic stress because they largely dependent on climate-sensitive sectors, such as rain-fed agriculture; its fragile mountain ecosystems and dramatic topography make the country prone to natural hazards. These changes will create tremendous stress and shocks to highland communities by declining agricultural productivity with increasing problem of food security in mountainous region. The variability of climate is a complex problem without clear scientific and political solutions. The mounting threats of runaway climate change topics are very much on public, political and scientific agenda with major political, economic, socio-cultural, psychological, and ethical implications, which must be understood by the policy makers and wider society in order to respond effectively. The paper presents an empirical analysis to examine the key determinants and dimensions of public awareness of, response to climate change. This study use mixed methodology approach to explore a variety of potentially salient influences on perception of and behavioural response to climate change. The required data and basic information of rural household and communities of highlands related to impact climate change and indigenous adaptations were collected from direct questionnaire based primary field study and physical survey based on the results of 140 respondents in highland villages of Sikkim. To ensure well-distributed representation, the selection of samples from the study area was done by a simple random sampling and on the basis of their economic categories: namely, rich, middle class and poor via wealth ranking assessment. Stratified random sampling was applied to select the household in the study villages. PRA method was applied to gather information on perception and awareness of climate change, vulnerability induced by climate change and adaptation measures of local mountain communities to minimize such impacts. Focused Group Discussion (FGD) was applied to understand the perceptions, attitudes and practices. Data analysis comprises of complementary qualitative and quantitative techniques, comparing statistical patterns in the data using SPSS. The head of households who receive formal education, having media access, personal or family experiences of different form of hazards are more concerned group and are more likely to develop proper environmental attitudes. Though most of the people are having pro environmental attitude, at the same time they are less willing to make much financial sacrifices for the sake of environment. The main barrier of highland rural households response to adverse environmental challenge in the past were lack of awareness/information, financial constraints, lack of institutional supports. The public policies and investment strategies must support education, markets, credit and information about crafting adaptation strategies to climate change, including technological and institutional methods, particularly for poor highland households in highlands of different country in South Asia. 133
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12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow - Earth Science India

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