12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow - Earth Science India

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National Conference on Science of Climate Change and Earth’s Sustainability: Issues and Challenges ‘A Scientist-People Partnership’ 12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow delta, and marine terraces are evolved by glaciers during glaciations and by mass movement, fluvial, lake, delta, and sea respectively during deglaciations. The landforms were analysed on the basis of field documentation of this area. The terrestrial valley glaciers of this region are characterized by convex wrinkled surface, crevasses, bergchrunds, supraglacial streams, longitudinal debris strips, lateral moraines, recessional moraines, hummocky moraines, thrust moraines, convex longitudinal profile with break in slopes, fractures and joints. The surging of glaciers modifies the evidences of the preexisting glacier events. Therefore the surging glaciers provide very little information about the advance and retreat of the glacier and so the climate change. The moraines and outwash plain deposits are made up of clast to matrix supported boulders with varying clast, matrix, and gravel size. The matrix supported facies capped by clast supported facies indicate the increasing energy of the glacial and so the cold climate. The bimodal palaeocurrent pattern suggests two prominent directions for the movement of glaciers in the past under direct control of tectonic activity. The granulometric analysis of the streams indicates that the mean grain size decreases from origin to the middle reaches of the river whereas it again increases near its mouth. The percentage of the finer sediments decreases and coarser fragments increases in the downstream direction. The granulometric parameters which are contrary to the normal fluvial system are due to the tectonic events. The present study provides the basic characteristics of the surface processes of this area and explains that theses environments indicate the control of tectonic activity in this region and very little about the climate change. CLIMATIC CHANGES AND ITS IMPACT ON THE HIMALAYAN GLACIERS R.K. Chaujar Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun It is now a well-established fact that the glaciers are receding by and large worldwide. Warmer climate in the future may cause increased melting of glaciers which will lead to a rise in sea level. Changes in climatic trends is clearly reflected in mass and temperature changes of glaciers and permafrost. The work deals mainly with the climatic changes and its impact on the Himalayan glaciers based on the study of landforms formed by various stages of advance and retreat of the Chorabari (in the Kedarnath Temple area), Dokriani, and Gangotri glaciers, Garhwal Himalaya and Chota Shigri glacier, H. P., and dating of various cycles of their advance and retreat by lichenometry. It has been found that Glaciers have advanced and retreated many times in the past as a part of Natural Cycles of Warming and cooling, with absolutely no 6
National Conference on Science of Climate Change and Earth’s Sustainability: Issues and Challenges ‘A Scientist-People Partnership’ 12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow connection to humans and/or the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases. To pronounce that glaciers are responding to anthropogenic CO2 seems to disregard their behavior during periods when human activities certainly had no impact. ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON SURGING GLACIERS: A CASE STUDY IN SHYOK VALLEY OF KARAKORAM HIMALAYAS, J&K STATE, INDIA Anjani K. Tangri*, Ram Chandra & S.K.S. Yadav Remote Sensing Applications Centre, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow *email: aktangri@rediffmail.com Ever since the last glacial maxima, the snow and ice fields are on a decline. The glaciers all over the Himalayas are on a continuous retreat, diminishing both in their shape & size and the stored water content. The large glaciers have reduced in size while the smaller ones are either on the “verge of extinction” or have already melted off. In this glooming scenario of global warming, an altogether new phenomenon of ‘surging glacier’ have been monitored in Shyok valley of Karakoram Himalayas in the N-E extremity of J&K state in India. Four groups of glaciers namely the Rimo group, Chong Kumdan, Kichik Kumdan and Aqtash glaciers on the right bank of Shyok River have been studied. These were last studied and reported in 1958 by V.K.Raina and no data has been generated since then. In the present exercise, in additions to SOI topographical sheets surveyed in 1975, multi-date satellite data pertaining to each year from 1990 to 2009 have been visually and digitally analyzed. The actual configurations of each of these compound glaciers have been delineated and then superimposed using GIS technology to monitor the temporal variations in frontal parts of these glaciers. Rimo Glacier This is a complex basin glacier having two distinct limbs – the northern limb and southern limb. Each of these limbs behaves in a different manner but both demonstrate the phenomena of surge in recent times. Survey of India topographical sheets of 1962 have been taken as the base data for reference and successive variations have accordingly been monitored. With respect to 1962, the 1990 satellite data demonstrate that during this period there has been a retreat of 1.0 km. in the northern limb. This limb continuously shows an advance from 1990 to 1997 to the tune of 1.8Km and then after it again shows retreat. The southern limb of Rimo glacier shows an advance (surge) of 7
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12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow - Earth Science India

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