12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow - Earth Science India

National Conference on Science of Climate Change and Earth’s Sustainability: Issues and Challenges ‘A Scientist-People Partnership’
12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow
functional approximator. On the other hand ANFIS uses the combination of ANN and
Fuzzy logic approach.
The present case study relates to the development of a reliable forecasting
simulation models for predicting the groundwater level in an alluvial country using
groundwater level data and other meteorological parameters through ANN and ANFIS
techniques. The input data sets are divided into training and testing subsets. The
simulation models having various input structures are trained and tested to investigate
the applicability of ANN and ANFIS techniques. The results of all the models both for
training and testing data sets are evaluated and the best fit input structures and methods
are determined according to criteria of performance evaluation viz. Mean Absolute
Error (MAE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), correlation coefficient (r 2 ) and
Coefficient of Efficiency (CE). This paper identifies the proficiency of ANN and
ANFIS modelling techniques to capture the complex dynamics involved in groundwater
level prediction. The results also show the importance of input data selection and its
effect on prediction accuracy. Also, the study confirms that ANN and ANFIS models
are capable in predicting the groundwater levels even in complicated hydrologic cycles
by using common hydrological data. The results are highly promising and a
comparative analysis suggests that the proposed ANFIS modelling approach
outperforms ANNs models in terms of computational speed, forecast errors, efficiency
etc. It was further observed that the ANFIS model also preserves the potential of the
ANN approach fully, and eases the model building process.
GIS BASED MODELING AND IMPACT ASSESSMENT
OF URBANIZATION ON NATURAL CHARACTERISTICS
OF GOMTI BASIN: A CASE STUDY OF LONI
WATERSHED
Archana Gupta 1 , Akanksha Shukla 1 , Kamlesh Kumar 2 , Anju Verma 3 ,
Biswajeet Thakur 2 and Droupti Yadav 4
1 Department of Geography, Lucknow University, Lucknow.
2 Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, 53, University Road, Lucknow.
3 Department of Environmental sciences, IBSBT, CSJM University, Kanpur.
4 Department of Geology, Lucknow University, Lucknow.
The negative effects of urbanization on natural characteristics of watershed have
been recognized for many years. In the urban scenario the ever-increasing population
and resultant concretization significantly influences the natural recharge of groundwater
resource. Urbanized areas are associated with changes in natural land use, increased
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