12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow - Earth Science India

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National Conference on Science of Climate Change and Earth’s Sustainability: Issues and Challenges ‘A Scientist-People Partnership’ 12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow levels are soaring. The approach here is to use the digital cloud images to predict rainfall. Considering the cost factors and security issues, it is better to predict rainfall from digital cloud images rather than satellite images. The status of sky is found using wavelet. The status of cloud is found using the Cloud Mask Algorithm. The type of cloud can be evolved using the K-Means Clustering technique. As per previous research works done by the researchers, it is stated the Nimbostratus and Cumulonimbus are the rainfall clouds and other clouds like cumulus will produce rain at some rare chances. The type of rainfall cloud is predicted by analyzing the color and density of the cloud images. The cloud images are stored as JPEG file in the file system. Analysis was done over several images. The result predicts the type of cloud with its information like classification, appearance and altitude and will provide the status of the rainfall. The approach can be utilized by common people to just take the photograph of cloud and can come to conclusion about the status of rainfall and to get the desired detail. Temperature changes vary over the globe. Evidence for warming of the climate system includes observed increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea level. Our proposed approach mainly focuses on the cloud images. Here we analyze the status of the cloud in previous years, current year and forthcoming years due to the increase in temperature. STRONG REDUCTION IN THE INDIAN SUMMER MONSOON AROUND 2 KYR BP: EVIDENCE FROM 18 O IN STALAGMITES FROM ANDAMAN ISLANDS Amzad H. Laskar, M.G. Yadava and R. Ramesh Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad 380009 Indian sub-continent has a typical systematic precipitation pattern, during summer monsoon which lasts for about a quarter of a year, intense clouds formed over surrounding oceanic region travel inland and rain over dry and parched continent leading to good agriculture necessary for the survival of large and densely populated area. Over the years sometimes this has failed that led to severe drought, influencing economy and food scarcity in the area. Knowledge of occurrences of large scale monsoon failures in the past is essential to understand the causative processes, eventually for better prediction and management in figure. Stable oxygen isotopic composition ( 18 O) of precipitation in the tropics depends on the amount of rainfall called "amount effect". Therefore, 18 O preserved in natural archives such cave carbonate deposits (speleothems) can be used for past rainfall reconstruction. 22
National Conference on Science of Climate Change and Earth’s Sustainability: Issues and Challenges ‘A Scientist-People Partnership’ 12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow Two stalagmites from Baratang cave in Andaman Islands have been investigated for the temporal variations in 18 O to reconstruct Indian summer monsoon during last ~3 kyr. During 1850-2100 cal BP, strong reduction in the monsoon (by more than 33%, compared to the present) is recorded in the islands; this seems to have occurred wide spread as similar events are registered in the other paleoclimate records located in the monsoon affected areas. Also low monsoon like situation is observed during 1500-1650 and 450-650 cal yr BP. During the last ~3kyr, the strongest rainfall (~6 % more than the present), was observed during 900-1300 cal yr BP and the monsoon has remained unchanged during the recent ~400 yrs. This is the first continuous high resolution paleomonsoon records of the late Holocene (last ~3 kyr) from the Andaman Islands using stalagmite 18 O. ANNUAL AND SEASONAL TRENDS IN METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS OVER INDO- GANGETIC PLAINS DURING 1961-2008 A.K. Jaswal India Meteorological Department, Shivajinagar, Pune - 411 005 email: jaswal4@gmail.com Due to its possible effects on human being, climate change has been a significant topic of research in recent years. Trend analysis of meteorological parameters is a basic tool to understand the climatic variations in time. The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) is a very important region of India from the food security point of view. In this study, trends of some meteorological parameters over the IGP during the period 1961-2008 are studied. The stations selected are Amritsar, Ambala, New Delhi, Gwalior, Lucknow, Allahabad, Varanasi, Patna, Kolkata and Guwahati. The calculated annual and seasonal trends in temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, total cloud cover, sunshine duration and wind speed are tested at 95% level of confidence using Student’s t-test. The results show that annual mean maximum temperature is significantly increasing at Gwalior (+0.1 o C/decade) and Guwahati (+0.2 o C/decade) and significantly decreasing at Amritsar (-0.2 o C/decade), Ambala (-0.2 o C/decade) and Kolkata (-0.1 o C/decade). The rate of increase in minimum temperature is significantly higher in the IG plains where except Amritsar and Ambala (both decreasing significantly at -0.1 o C/decade) all other stations are showing increase in minimum temperature. Annual mean minimum temperature is significant increasing at the rate +0.1 o C/decade at New Delhi and Gwalior; at the rate +0.2 o C/decade at Allahabad, Patna, Kolkata and Guwahati; at the rate (+0.3 o C/decade) at Lucknow. The annual diurnal temperature range (DTR) is significantly decreasing at 23
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12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow - Earth Science India

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