12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow - Earth Science India

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National Conference on Science of Climate Change and Earth’s Sustainability: Issues and Challenges ‘A Scientist-People Partnership’ 12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow assessment of total water resources in the basin and the water requirement for different purposes is not precisely estimated. Discharge is considered as the basic unit for water availability estimations which may be affected by a number of basin parameters and developmental activities such as population, industrialization, change in the irrigated areas, improvement in irrigation efficiencies, availability and development of groundwater, change in land use (increase/decrease in forest area, urban land, barren land etc.), change in the climate of the region (increase/decrease in temperature, precipitation etc.), construction of hydraulic structures etc. Therefore, a need was felt to develop a detailed model to assess various components of the hydrological cycle in a river basin and to estimate the demands for various purposes. To evaluate various components of the hydrological cycle at the basin scale, a conceptual spatially distributed water balance model has been developed. In this model, focus is given to incorporate spatial variation of land-use, soil type, rainfall, evapotranspiration, physiographic characteristics, cropping pattern, irrigation development, groundwater conditions, river network and hydraulic structures in a river basin. GIS is employed to link the spatial data with the simulation model and to project the model results in map form for easy visualization. The basin is divided into grids of uniform size (~ 1 km) and model computes various components of hydrologic cycle such as actual evapo-transpiration, overland flow, groundwater recharge, and residual soil water content at monthly time step for each grid. The model brings out total water availability in the basin; water consumed by different uses; and water storage in different hydraulic structures, in soil water zone, and in groundwater aquifer in a river basin. The present paper gives a brief description of the developed model. Using this model, it is possible to simulate various past, present or future hydrological scenarios in a river basin. UTTAR PRADESH STATE ACTION PLAN ON CLIMATE CHANGE: WATER MISSION Ravindra Kumar State Water Resources Agency, Lucknow. email: ravindra53@yahoo.co.in While more and more of the natural flow is stored, used or diverted out of the river, we looked for a set of ameliorative measures that would be implemented to mitigate impacts of climate change on water resources of the state. These measures would be scheduled to begin with ensuring 50% water in rivers for maintenance of minimum flow for ecological and livelihood water requirement, no encroachment in river flood plain within 500 m (as per HC, Allahabad Orders) towards the quality and 36
National Conference on Science of Climate Change and Earth’s Sustainability: Issues and Challenges ‘A Scientist-People Partnership’ 12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow quantity of water and its seasonal changes, biological species, processes, and resource linkages-the unprecedented growth of water hyacinth, encountering with the problem of pollution due to untreated sewerage discharge into the river and high sedimentation load causing meandering and flooding of the river. Sanitation is also water centered. To find the aquatic ecosystem for sustenance of the water resource base, tree plantation to arrest soil erosion and enhance groundwater recharge at places of economic importance and demographic stress, a river basin management water plan is required to live with climate change scenario. Water sector climate change strategy and action plan includes: enhancement of observational infrastructure ‘ early warning system’ and status of ground water decline, means for saving of water and enhancing water use efficiency adopting water efficient crops; pressure irrigation and saving water losses in transmission and distribution, policy changes regarding simultaneous water extraction and ground water recharge, organizational changes like lake conservation authority, aquifer management authority and more teeth given to Water Management and Regulatory Commission for water allocation across the sectors to avoid water conflicts: rural vs urban, agriculture vs industry, ecology vs development and finally equity in water uses- rich vs poor, etc. This paper describes Uttar Pradesh state action plan formulated for water mission on climate change. ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT ON HYDROLOGY IN THE BHIMA RIVER BASIN, INDIA B.D. Kulkanri and S.D. Bansod Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune 411008 The general impact of climate change on water resources have been brought out by the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC), 2001). Observed warming over several decades has been linked to changes in the large-scale hydrological cycle such as, increasing atmospheric water vapour content; changing precipitation patterns, intensity and extremes; reduced snow cover and widespread melting of ice; and changes in soil moisture and runoff. Precipitation changes show substantial spatial and inter-decadal variability. Over the 20th century, precipitation has mostly increased over land in high northern latitudes, while decreases have dominated from 10°S to 30°N since the 1970s. Keeping the importance of the subject, an attempt has been made in this study to quantify the impact of climate change on the water resources of the Bhima river basin using hydrological model. The study uses the PRECIS (Providing Regional Climates for Impacts Studies) daily weather data to determine the control or present and GHG 37
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12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow - Earth Science India

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