12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow - Earth Science India

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National Conference on Science of Climate Change and Earth’s Sustainability: Issues and Challenges ‘A Scientist-People Partnership’ 12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow ASSESSING THE MINING AND URBANIZATION IMPACTS ON LAND USE LAND COVER IN ANGUL- TALCHER REGION, ORISSA Ruchi Singh and Prasoon Kumar Singh Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, Jharkhand email: ruchi.s.09@gmail.com, pks0506@yahoo.co.in The rate and intensity of Land Use Land Cover (LULC) change has increased considerably during the past couple of decades. Mining and urbanization bring significant alterations in LULC specifically due to its impacts on forest cover and agricultural lands. Land use land cover in Angul Talcher region is changing rapidly due to increase in mining activities urbanization pattern. The areas under forest cover and agricultural land have decreased from 38.67% to 27.96% and 42.14% to 28.92% over the study period (1973 – 2007) respectively. The water bodies have slightly decreased (0.07%) from 1973 to 2007. Mining areas and barren lands have increased from 0.04% to 1.70% and 5.50% to 20.78% since 1973 to 2007. The maximum rate of change of land use land cover has decreased in agricultural land (-0.92%) and forest cover (- 0.81%). The study revealed that mining activities and urbanization were detrimental to LULC. Thus, it is advisable that such activities have to be strictly regulated to avoid further damage and scientific mining has to be taken up in a proper manner to minimize the land use land cover. WEAKENING OF ZONAL TEMPERATURE GRADIENT BETWEEN INDIAN LANDMASS AND NEIGHBOURING OCEANS AND ITS IMPACT ON INDIAN MONSOON S.M. Bawiskar Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Dr.Homi Bhabha Road, Pune – 411 008 The study shows that in the scenario of global warming temperature gradient (TG) between Indian land mass and Arabian Sea/Bay of Bengal is significantly decreasing in the lower troposphere with maxima around 850 hPa. TG during pre monsoon (March to May) is reducing at a significant rate of 0.036°/ year (Arabian Sea) and 0.030°/year (Bay of Bengal). The above alarming results are based on sixty years (1948-2007) of daily temperature and wind data extracted from CDAS-NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data sets. TG based on ERA-40 data also indicate a decreasing trend of 0.023°/year and 84
National Conference on Science of Climate Change and Earth’s Sustainability: Issues and Challenges ‘A Scientist-People Partnership’ 12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow 0.040 o /year for Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal respectively. As TG is not governed by any type of significant oscillation, there is a possibility of TG tending to zero in another 150 years. In such a scenario, the low level westerly jet (i.e. monsoon current over Arabian Sea) would become weak. This will lead to reduced rainfall activity over Indian Peninsula. The break like circulation will prevail for a longer period of time. It is further observed that the rate of warming over the oceans is more than that over the land which has resulted into the weakening of TG. Pre monsoon TG has significant correlations with i) All India Seasonal Monsoon Rainfall (AISMR), ii) Kinetic energy of waves 1 and 2 at 850 hPa, iii) Kinetic energy and iv) Stream Function at 850 hPa over Indian land mass during monsoon season. Except AISMR, the decreasing trends observed in all the above parameters are significant. All India rainfall for July and August together shows a significant decreasing trend of 0.995 mm/year. Reducing number of depressions and cyclonic storms and increasing number of break days during monsoon over India are the reflections of weakening of TG. IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON WATER RESOURCES Anshu Prakash Mishra Central Water Commission, Sewa Bhawan, R.K.Puram, New Delhi-66 email: anshu_786@rediffmail.com The impact of climate change on water resources are seen in different scenarios. As an example, due to melting of glaciers, water level will rise in rivers and after some time they will become dry. Climate change is expected to increase the frequency and intensity of current extreme weather events, greater monsoon variability and also the emergence of new disaster. Coastal cities will get inundated under water while increase in heat will lead to dryness of ponds and wells. Hence we have to control the increasing temperature of the earth. For this we have to limit uses of energy in order to avoid emission of Green House Gases. The impact of climate change on water resources, energy and human health will be felt more intensely by the urban population due to high population density and vulnerable growth. This paper presents some of the ideas which may likely to send out a message to the administrators and policy makers. 85
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