12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow - Earth Science India

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National Conference on Science of Climate Change and Earth’s Sustainability: Issues and Challenges ‘A Scientist-People Partnership’ 12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow groundwater pumping and surface runoff. The result is a drop in the local water table and a reduction of ground water discharge, or base flow, in local streams. Since the rate of recharge of several tiers of water table is far from its optimal value, the crucial geoenvironmental problem sets in, this ultimately affects the large population of major cities. In the Gomti basin, Loni river contributes a lot in Lucknow region and will be influenced by growing urbanization due to its agriculture domain in due course of time. Therefore, it becomes significant to access the changes taking place in this area. The present study is an attempt to assess the impact of urbanization on natural characteristics of Gomti basin taking a case of Loni watershed and selecting suitable sites for further development programmes through cost benefit approach using Geographical Information System (GIS) technique to minimize further environmental degradation. Gomti basin is located in the interfluves region of the Ganga and the Ghaghara rivers, in central part of the Ganga Plain. It is essentially ground water fed channel that flows within the vast alluvium of Ganga Plain. The major fluvial processes of rivers are principally controlled by monsoonal precipitation. During its course the river flows through the various districts of Uttar Pradesh including state capital Lucknow where the Loni watershed contributes to the Gomti basin. Here, urbanization and industrialization is unscientific, uncontrolled and unplanned in many areas. There is a mad rush towards it in search of livelihood, resulting in an accelerated urban growth. In 1901 the total urban area of Lucknow city was 44.03 sq km which has increased to 303.63 sq km in 2011 and if this increase remains continuous it will be 414.34 sq km by 2021. The analysis of the spatial arrangement of the urban sprawl in Lucknow city shows that it covers a wide strip from one end to the other in north and south direction of Lucknow district. The buffer zone created using GIS along urban realm of Lucknow city shows that the district boundary along the north and south is entirely engulfed. Now the spread is towards north-west and south-east. In the south-east major part of the Loni watershed will be covered by 2021 estimation ascertained by GIS analysis. Thus it seems that within approximately 8-10 years more than 50 percent of its area will be converted into concrete jungle. This will result in loss of fertile agricultural land, lowering of the water table due to excess use of groundwater, loss of natural water bodies that will directly affect the natural recharge system of the region thus loss of present ecosystem and habitat. The Loni watershed that plays a pivotol role in Gomti basin seems to be engulfed in due course of time. Therefore, land use and land cover of the region must be sustainably handled and use of wasteland and saline soils should be taken for development programs so as to make minimal loss of environment. This will provide an option for securing the natural environment with proper assessment for development programs. Therefore, there is utmost need to attract everybody’s attention towards this problem to save this natural resource as well as our environment. 40
National Conference on Science of Climate Change and Earth’s Sustainability: Issues and Challenges ‘A Scientist-People Partnership’ 12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow ESTIMATING COEFFICIENT OF ANISOTROPY USING VES DATA – AN INDICATOR FOR SUB-SURFACE GEOLOGICAL FEATURES AND STRUCTURES IN HARD ROCK AQUIFERS Dewashish Kumar * , Y. Ratnakumari, S. Thiagarajan and S.N. Rai National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad-500007 *email: dewashishkumar@ngri.res.in The electrical resistivity method, particularly Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) is a well known technique for groundwater prospecting in various geological terrains. But in case of hard rock terrain along with the standard interpreted results of VES data, another important parameter, namely coefficient of anisotropy (λ) is the key geoelectric parameter which gives additional informations like inhomogeneity, nature of anisotropy, dip of the beds and identification of geological formations more accurately. Anisotropy is caused by the formation layering, fracture, joints, fault, grains boundary cracks and aligned mineral grain orientations which are common features of the hard rock aquifers. It helps in identifying the groundwater potential zone. Vertical Electrical Sounding have been carried out in Deccan basalt region in parts of Kalmeshwar Taluk, Nagpur district, Maharashtra and data were interpreted using standard interpretation technique. In the present work coefficient of anisotropy (λ) is being estimated from VES data covering the investigated region. The estimated values of coefficient of anisotropy (λ) indicate heterogeneous and anisotropic character of sub-surface formations. It varies between 1 and 1.64 which characterizes the water saturation condition in the sub-surface formations/structures. The present work can help in quantifying the distribution of water saturation formation and geological structures. NEED OF IMPLEMENTING RAIN WATER HARVESTING THROUGH PEOPLE-SCIENTIST PARTICPATION TO CONQUER PROBLEM OF WATER CRISIS RESULTING DUE TO CLIMATIC CHANGES Manish Shrivastava 1 and Rashmi Sharma 2 1 Govt. of India, Ministry of Water Resourcess, CGWB, Jaipur, Rajasthan. 2 Deptt of Geography, Banasthali University, Banasthali, Rajasthan. 41
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12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow - Earth Science India

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