12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow - Earth Science India

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National Conference on Science of Climate Change and Earth’s Sustainability: Issues and Challenges ‘A Scientist-People Partnership’ 12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow Green chemistry is placed in the frontier areas of research and has been focused for considerable recent research. Green chemistry, the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances is an overarching approach that is applicable to all aspects of chemistry. From feedstock’s to solvents, synthesis and processing green chemistry actively seeks ways to produce materials in a way that is more benign to human health and the environment. The current emphasis on green chemistry reflects a shift away from the historic command and control approach to environmental problems that mandated waste treatment, control and clean up through regulation and towards preventing pollution at its source rather than accepting pollution at its source. Green chemistry seeks new technologies that are cleaner and economically competitive. All synthetic processes involve the use of different solvents which inevitably lead to environmental damage, through pollution, risks to human health and to resource depletion, we need to develop and apply more environmentally friendly approaches. Green chemistry involves design and redesign of chemical synthesis and chemical products to prevent pollution and thereby solve environmental problems. Clearly there will be a continuing need for the definition of novel reaction routes to both multifunctional scaffolds for lead generation and to unique drug like heterocyclic structures microwave irradiation has proved to be a powerful tool for both speeding up chemical optimizations and for efficient preparation of new target compounds. So, all traditional and old synthetic routes are more or less “Grey” in their working and obviously give adverse effects to the mankind and all living beings. Green chemistry provides “Green” paths for different synthetic routes using non-hazardous solvents and environmental friendly chemicals. The fundamentally attractive concept of green chemistry is solvent free reactions. Solvent free reactions can be accelerated by microwave activation and this combined clean technology approach to "greening" chemical reactions. The major aim of this article is to provide / discuses the emerging trends in environment management and evolve sustainable management strategies to solve the burning environmental problems. Microwave enhanced synthesis has attracted substantial attention in recent years, enabling many organic reactions to proceed much faster and with higher yields than, when conventional heating is employed. Microwave irradiation has become a powerful synthetic tool for rapid synthesis of a variety of organic compounds. Microwave assisted reactions have attracted much interest because of the simplicity in operation, milder reaction conditions, increasing reaction rates and formation of cleaner products. Microwave synthesis is one of them, which involves modified engineering, practices, bioremediation, eco-friendly reaction media and concept of atom economy leading to almost zero waste. It clearly differentiates the grey synthetic processes with that of green natural processes having strategic objectives with social and environmental benefits. 82
National Conference on Science of Climate Change and Earth’s Sustainability: Issues and Challenges ‘A Scientist-People Partnership’ 12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow In view of these, it was planned to synthesize a new series of oxazolones by microwave irradiation and to evaluate the new compounds for their antimicrobial activity. The synthesis of newer class of antibacterial and antifungal agents is in need of time, especially against drug resistant bacteria and fungi which are responsible for a number of serious infections in acute and chronic care units in hospitals. Imidazolinone ring system is of biological and chemical interest since long. The Imidazolinone units are found in many biologically active compounds including anticancer, anti-HIV agents, anticonvulsants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, antiparkinsonian drugs, CNS depressants, antimicrobials and anthelmintic etc. The development of simple, efficient and environmentally benign chemical processes or methodologies for widely used organic compounds from readily available reagents is one of the major challenges for chemists in organic synthesis. HUMAN IMPACT AND NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: FAST DEPLETING OF NATURAL RESOURCE IN CHENNAI AND IT’S SUB-URBAN M. Saravana Raja PRIST University Campus, Chennai. email: sraaja@yahoo.com Over the last decades, Chennai has experienced a rapid growth of it’s population. While the city was founded in 1639, based on only a few settlements, the city expanded it’s size and population steadily and totalled 4.34 million inhabitants in 2001. The size of the city is 176 Km 2 and accepted plans by the Corporation of Chennai suggests an expansion of the city area by upto 426 Km 2 . Besides dealing with the effects of urbanization, Chennai is vulnerable to climate-related hazards. Although the number of registered cyclones one of the main natural hazards, has not yet significantly increased , impacts of occasionally succeeding intense rainfall events from cyclones are likely to become more severe in the future. Resource Identification Water resources, and bio-diversity, both of them mingle with each other’s and play a vital role in Chennai’ s fast depleting resources. Water resource identification as, rivers, lakes and ponds. Bio-diversity as natural forests in city limits. 83
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12-14 September, 2011, Lucknow - Earth Science India

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