Untitled - Neccdep.com

More documents

Recommendations

Info

TRINCOMALEE BAY SPECIAL MANAGEMENT AREA Page | 34 150. According to the NECCDEP Interim SMA Plan for Trincomalee bay, most of the SMA GN Divisions show poverty (Interim SMA Plan specifies that “Conventionally poverty is viewed as the lack of access to adequate quantities of goods and services to satisfy an individual’s material and social needs”). According to the assessment all SMA GN Division poverty profiles are well below 45, which was the threshold chosen for ADB intervention. 151. Improving the economic situation of families in the SAMP area is a challenging task because poverty creates increasing dependency on natural resources. However, high poverty was not observed in the field studies and the situation might well have improved over the last 2-3 years with the gradual improvement in the security situation in the area. a. Fishing and fishing related activities 152. Fishing is the second most important economic activity after agriculture, and the production in the District in the year 2000 was 14,500 tons. It has not recovered fully following the Tsunami and due to the conflicting situation in the recent past. Restrictions on the fishery industry have been reduced with the improved security situation and the industry appears to be recovering rapidly over the last 3-4 months. The ability to transport the fish catches directly to Colombo market has increased the buying prices of fishes and the income of fishers has increased as a consequence. 153. About 21,000 fisher families live in the District and the majority of them are in the SAMP area. There are more than 39,000 active fishermen in the District (www.ep.gov.lk). There has been an increasing of number of fishers during the last few years. Figure IV.5 shows an increase in fisher families’ from 2001-2008. However most of the fishers supporting these families are engage in deep sea fishing with larger boats and there is no direct threats to the fishery resources in the TB SAM planning area from this increase. Figure IV. 5. Trend in rising fishing families in Trincomalee District 2001-2008 (Source: DFAD data base. DSC 2009) 154. Many larger pelagic and demersal finfish species are found in the bay, but many are over-exploited, especially the larger ‘game’ fish sought by spear fishermen such as trevally, seer, marlin, barracuda and queen fish. Migratory fishes such as yellow fin and skipjack tuna
TRINCOMALEE BAY SPECIAL MANAGEMENT AREA Page | 35 are found in the area. More than 300 large boats anchor in Cod bay fisheries harbor. Many come from the southern part of Sri Lanka. 155. The field studies revealed that Gracilaria seaweed collection and export has been taking place since 1970s in the Kinniya area but has reduced to a very low level during the last decade due to the poor security situation. Current production is small and is around 68 tons/year. It should be possible to develop the industry to its former level. Dried un-cleaned (brown colour)) seaweed is sold for Rs. 15/kg and cleaned (white colour) seaweed is sold for Rs. 50/kg. Locally in Sri Lanka, seaweed is processed into powdered jelly used for making desserts. 156. The collection and processing of sea cucumber was reported from Kinniya during the field studies and also diving for mussels can be observed at Trincomalee bay and off rocks in mid-channel near the ferry crossing to Kinniya. Clams and oysters are also extracted from this water on a seasonal basis. 157. Dynamite fishing is the main destructive fishing method practiced in the SAM planning area particularly at Bar reef and Dutch bay where the blasting is indiscriminate and kills all fish and also coral. The management authority, the Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources has failed to stop this illegal fishing. b. Agriculture 158. The main agricultural activity in Trincomalee District is paddy cultivation, with 32,261 hectares under cultivation in the 1989/99 season. This has declined by almost 30% since the early 1980s, when the total area was about 45,000 hectares, or 16.7% of the land area in the District. Most of this decline is attributed to displacement because of the conflict. 159. Paddy cultivation is also the key agriculture practice in the SAM planning area including adjoining areas of Kinniya which come under the Kantalai irrigation scheme and adjoining areas of Muthur which come under the Allai irrigation scheme. However, these paddy lands are 1-2 km away from the bay boundaries. 160. Other important crops are coconut, groundnut, Palmyra, onion and other vegetables. Home gardening is less important but some farmers have developed home gardens in the west and south of Kinniya. c. Aquaculture - Shrimp Farms 161. Trincomalee bay has high potential for expanding commercial shrimp farm culture, edible windowpane oyster (Lacuna placenta) and seaweed culture (Gracilaria & Eucheuma spp). Post-larvae (PL 5 ) of shrimp could also be introduced into the lagoons to increase the shrimp catches. 162. There are currently only small scale shrimp farm ponds in the SAMP area. They are, primarily, in the Kakkamunai area of Kinniya, where shrimp farming of black tiger shrimp and white shrimp is done in a non-intensive manner. National Aquatic Development Authority (NAQDA) and NARA have conducted a few studies to identify the potential site for shrimp farming and shrimp hatcheries in Trincomalee District. Figure IV.6 and Figure IV. 7 illustrate possible areas around the bay (Ref.1025) . 163. The experience from shrimp farming in the north western coastal area of Sri Lanka is that shrimp farming can do a lot of environmental damage through habitat destruction from the construction of the ponds and pollution from the release of untreated waste from operations. NAQDA has developed management guidelines for shrimp farming to make it
Page 2 and 3:
Ministry of Nation Building and Est
Page 4 and 5: Citation: This document may be cite
Page 7 and 8: FOREWORD This Trincomalee Bay Speci
Page 9 and 10: PREFACE "Reawakening East" is one o
Page 11 and 12: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Special Area M
Page 13 and 14: FF FGD FO GA GDP GND ha HFL HH ID I
Page 15 and 16: VSP WDF WRDS Y Village Social Profi
Page 17 and 18: G. Institutional mechanism 72 H. Pr
Page 19 and 20: ii 11. The over all objective of th
Page 21 and 22: TRINCOMALEE BAY SPECIAL MANAGEMENT
Page 53: TRINCOMALEE BAY SPECIAL MANAGEMENT
Page 105 and 106:
85 TRINCOMALEE BAY SPECIAL MANAGEME
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
103 TRINCOMALEE BAY SPECIAL MANAGEM
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
show all

Untitled - Neccdep.com

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?