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TRINCOMALEE BAY SPECIAL MANAGEMENT AREA Page | 60 VI. COMPREHENSIVE SAM PLAN OF TRINCOMALEE BAY (TB SAM) A. Mission of SAM and Overall management Objectives Mission- Sustainable management of the TB SAM area so as to bring environmental, social and economic benefits to local communities whilst ensuring the conservation of natural resources Overall Objective – TB SAM is co-managed with the active involvement of the main stakeholder communities so as to deliver sustainable livelihoods within the carrying capacity of SAM natural resources. 1. Expected results from implementation of the four year TB SAM plan 284. Conservation of natural resources of the Trincomalee Bay (TB) SAM by District Special Area Management Community Coordinating Committee (DSAM CCC) and line agencies to achieve long term conservation goals; 285. Sustainable fishery management to bring the benefits to fisher communities and other stakeholders; 286. Ecologically /socially friendly livelihoods and Micro/ Small Enterprise developments in the TB SAM buffer zone to brings benefits to all stakeholders; 287. Ecologically friendly agricultural practices delivered in the buffer zone to bring benefits to farming communities and other stakeholders and to minimise negative impacts on the SAM; 288. Improved micro environment in TB SAM through proper solid waste management, natural habitat improvement and other interventions to bring benefits to local people; 289. Conservation of natural habitats in the areas under security forces management in and around Trincomalee bay based on guidelines developed by DSAM CCC and security forces. 290. Conservation of natural resources in the buffer zone of TB SAM. B. Demarcation of the SAM area 1. Trincomalee Bay SMA proposed in 2005 291. The NECCDEP Interim Special Management Area (SMA) Plan in 2005 proposed the Trincomalee Bay SMA based on Grama Niladhari Division (GN) areas touching the Bay from Nilaveli and Pigeon Island in the north to Sampur in the south. GN Divisions’ boundaries formed the western boundary whilst the coast line formed the eastern boundary. The term SMA has been revised to Special Area Management (SAM) to reflect the terminology of the CCD as reflected in the Sri Lanka Coastal Zone Management Plan of 2004 (Ref. 0903) . 2. TB SAM core conservation zone 292. The areas north of Kinniya ferry point to Koneswaran temple, the Trincomalee inner harbour, Cod Bay area and islands in the bay are in a high security zone. However, these areas are very important for the conservation of the TB SAM and also for eco-tourism
TRINCOMALEE BAY SPECIAL MANAGEMENT AREA Page | 61 development. Since the security situation is improving it is proposed that these areas are included under the SAM process in the future. 293. Due to the difficulties in conducting field studies, in these areas, specific activities are not proposed in this TB SAM Plan. However, those areas are included as discrete sub zones and general activities are proposed in this TB SAM Plan. 294. It is proposed that the northern area of the Trincomalee Bay SMA proposed in 2005, from Koneswaran Temple to Nilaveli is excluded from the revised TB SAM. This is because these areas are “outside” the Trincomalee bay and comprise a relatively simple narrow sandy beach strip that does not need to be managed within a SAM Plan. 295. The Department of Wildlife Conservation has declared Puramalai (Pigeon Island) as a National Park and manages the area, so this area is also excluded from TB SAM. Areas south of Muthur also come under Sampoor high security zone and so are excluded from the TB SAM. 296. The proposed TB SAM includes the coastal zone from Dutch Fort at Trincomalee City to the southern end of Kaddaiparichchan lagoon mouth including the whole of Kaddaiparichchan lagoon. 297. It is recommended that this core zone be equivalent to a category VI protected area according to the guidelines produced by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). This core zone could, eventually, be re-designated category IV when there is capacity to introduce substantive management (Ref.0884) . 298. Western boundary: The landward (western) boundary of the TB SAM is the coastal vegetation zone and coastline up to extreme high tide line around Thampalagamam bay from the north end of Kinniya bridge to the south end of Kinniya bridge, beach zone from south end of Kinniya bridge along the A-15 road up to Upparu estuary excluding the developed areas, about 0.5 km inland of Upparu estuary, beach zone east of A-15 road from Upparu to Mahaweli Ganga, about 0.5 km inland of the Mahaweli river estuary, beach zone east of A-15 from Mahaweli river mouth to Ralkuli estuary, Ralkuli to Muthur beach zone and Kaddaiparichchan lagoon. 299. Eastern boundary: The eastern boundary comprises the line connecting the north end of Kinniya Bridge to the seawards lagoon mouth of Kaddaiparichchan lagoon. The TB- SAM conservation area includes natural coastal vegetation, beaches, and the sea area in Trincomalee bay. 300. A continuous coastal belt is proposed for the SAM multiple use conservation core zone that does not include any private properties. Figure VI.1 below illustrates the TB SAM core and buffer zones. 301. It is suggested that Survey Department survey the boundary and establish the boundary demarcation marks so that the boundary is clearly visible to adjacent communities. It is also suggested that boundary demarcation should be achieved at the detailed level through participation and consensus so as to resolve issues of encroachments, illegal construction and illegal cultivation. The DSAM CCC will advise the relevant authorities for action concerning any encroachments, illegal construction and illegal cultivation to the relevant authorities for action. 302. Proper demarcation of the TB SAM will enhance law enforcement and management which will help deliver sustainable results.
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