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TRINCOMALEE BAY SPECIAL MANAGEMENT AREA Page | 40 178. Some fishermen, who were earlier opponents of seashell mining, have now joined the seashell mining as an alternative livelihood. Due to this trend, the number of fishermen in the area has reduced in the recent past. Studies also revealed that shrimp are breeding in the mangrove habitats and cutting of mangroves directly affects the breeding of shrimps. 179. Based on the findings of these studies, NARA provided guidelines for seashell mining in 2007. These are listed below. However, there have been no annual assessments after the first study. It is necessary to have a management process and an annual assessment before taking a decision on whether it is necessary to issue permits for transport. a. Transport permits issued should be limited to 20,000 ground seashell powder bags per month as a mean of controlling the environmental impacts; b. Establishment of new grinding mills should not be allowed in the area; c. Control further expansion of seashell mining industry to control the damage to mangrove habitat; d. Develop a management process for relevant authorities (Divisional Secretary and Fishery Department) with the consultation of seashell powder producers association; e. It is necessary to do annual assessments to provide information to make management decisions. 180. None of these guidelines have been implemented to date and there is illegal as well as legal seashell grinding taking place in the area. None of the relevant authorities are taking action to manage the seashell mining and grinding activities. Hence it is necessary for the TB SAM Plan to identify appropriate action through the DSAM CCC. f. Salt manufacturing 181. Salt production in mini salterns is becoming a popular livelihood activity in the western section of Kinniya and more than 30 families manage mini-salterns. Most of the salt marshes have been converted to saltern. Some salterns are operating illegally on state lands and others are located in private and leased lands. In the field studies, it was noticed that these salterns operate without proper guidelines and monitoring. Hence the quality of the product is low and the processing and packaging centres also have low hygienic conditions. Hence, it is necessary to manage the saltern under proper guidelines to ensure a high quality product. The TB SAM Plan needs to identify appropriate action for implementation through the coordination of the DSAM CCC. g. Cod bay fishery harbour 182. Cod bay fishery harbour is the key fishery facility in the whole of the Eastern Province. It provides anchorage facilities to many hundreds of multi-day boats and smaller boats. There are many services providers to the fishery harbour and this contributes to the economy of the Trincomalee bay area. Multiple day boat operators from distant locations such as Negombo, Chillaw and Southern Province use Cod bay as am anchorage point for their boats. More than 2000 fishers are directly employed in these boats and are using Trincomalee as an employment point. More than 15 lorries transport fish catch to Colombo and other parts of the country. The Cod bay fishery harbour facility contributes to the local economy in a significant manner. Figure IV.8 illustrates some of the multi-day boats in Cod bay.
TRINCOMALEE BAY SPECIAL MANAGEMENT AREA Page | 41 Figure IV.8: Cod bay multi-day fishing boats in Cod bay (Trincomalee bay) h. Port facilities and industries 183. A number of important industries are situated around China bay within Trincomalee bay. Many of these are linked with the port facilities. Apart from the Prima Flour mill, Mitsui Cement Factory and Cement Mixing Plant in Cod Bay, there are six garment factories in areas adjoining the TB SAM Plan area. A new Industrial Park is also situated close to the SAM Plan area and infrastructure development activities are in progress. 184. Since the Industrial Park is in the Palampattar river watershed and the river discharges to Thampalagamam bay, it is important to ensure that the Industrial Park develops in a way that minimizes pollution. The TB SAM Plan should address this concern and the DSAM CCC should act in a timely way to minimise any risk of pollution. 3. Educational status 185. Compared to rural communities of Trincomalee District, the urban communities living around Trincomalee bay have better educational facilities. Trincomalee city has several large and good schools whilst several Muslim schools are available in Kinniya city. Trincomalee city has Tamil, Sinhala and Muslim schools and these are categorized as National and Provincial level. There are a few private schools located in Trincomalee city. Tamil, Muslim and Sinhala schools are also available in Muthur city. 4. Health & Sanitation 186. The base hospital in Trincomalee city provides health services to local communities. District hospitals are available in adjoining urban areas such as Kinniya, Muthur, Kantalai whilst rural hospitals are available in smaller centres. Good health facilities are, therefore, available for local communities.
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FOREWORD This Trincomalee Bay Speci
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