Colletotrichum: complex species or species ... - CBS - KNAW

The Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex
Fig. 19. Glomerella cingulata “f. sp. camelliae”. A. ICMP 18542. B. ICMP 10643. C. ICMP 10646. A–C. Cultures on PDA, 10 d growth from single conidia, from above and below.
USA, Australia, France, and Italy. The disease has been reported
from Camellia japonica, C. reticulata, and C. sasanqua. Although
isolated in the UK from plants imported from New Zealand, this
pathogen has not yet been found on Camellia plants growing in
New Zealand.
We have sequenced authentic isolates cited by Dickens &
Cook (1989) as well as isolates pathogenic to Camellia saluenensis
collected from the USA. They are similar to each other genetically
as well as biologically and morphologically. ITS sequences alone
distinguish G. cingulata “f. sp. camelliae” from all other taxa in the
C. gloeosporioides complex, and there is good genetic evidence to
consider these isolates to be representative of a distinct species
within the C. kahawae clade. A new species is not proposed here
because the relationship between the G. cingulata “f. sp. camelliae”
isolates and C. camelliae, the fungus causing brown blight of tea,
remains uncertain.
Dickens & Cook (1989) also reported two C. acutatum strains
from ornamental Camellia species that were avirulent in tests
with detached Camellia cv. Donation leaves. Strain IMI 351261,
deposited 1992 in IMI by R. Cook, is likely to be one of them. This
strain was confirmed as belonging to the C. acutatum species
complex and identified as C. lupini, which causes lupin anthracnose
and is occasionally found on other hosts (Damm et al. 2012a, this
issue). Another strain from Camellia reticulata from China belongs
to C. fioriniae, also a species in the C. acutatum complex, while
a strain from New Zealand (ICMP 10338) is C. boninense s. str.
(Damm et al. 2012a, b, this issue).
See notes under C. camelliae.
Specimens examined: UK, plants imported from New Zealand, on Camellia ×
williamsii, coll. Dickens & Cook 82/437, 1982 (authentic culture of Glomerella
cingulata “f. sp. camelliae” – ICMP 10643; dried culture PDD 56488). USA,
Mississippi, on Camellia sasanqua twig blight, coll. W.E. Copes CG02g, May 2002
(ICMP 18542); South Carolina, on Camellia sp., coll. G. Laundon 20369, 1 Jan.
1982 (ICMP 10646).
Glomerella cingulata var. crassispora Wollenw., Z.
Parasitenk. (Berlin) 14: 260. 1949.
Notes: Described from Coffea arabica from a glasshouse in
Germany, this name has not been used since. No cultures are
available and its relationship to and within the C. gloeosporioides
complex is not known.
Glomerella cingulata “f. sp. manihotis” (Chevaugeon
1956)
Notes: See notes under Colletotrichum manihotis.
Glomerella cingulata var. minor Wollenw., Z. Parasitenk.
(Berlin) 14: 261. 1949.
= Gloeosporium elasticae Cooke & Massee, Grevillea 18: 74. 1890. [fide
Wollenweber & Hochapfel 1949]
Notes: Placed here in synonymy with C. fructicola.
Glomerella cingulata var. minor was described from Ficus from
Germany, but Wollenweber & Hochapfel (1949) noted that the
same fungus occurred also on other hosts in Europe, Africa, and
America, including Malus and Coffea. Genetically the ex-holotype
culture of G. cingulata var. minor (CBS 238.49) matches the type
specimen of C. fructicola, although the culture itself appears to be
stale, with slow growth and an irregularly scalloped margin (see
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