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LIST OF SYMBOLSc p air specific heat J/kg/Kd zero plane displacement md e-s relative earth-sun distance -d r inverse squared relative earth-sun -distanceET actual evapotranspiration rate mm/hrET r reference evapotranspiration mm/hrG soil heat flux W/m 2H sensible heat flux W/m 2k von Karman’s constant 0.41L Monin-Obukhuv length mL λ spectral radiance for band λ W/m 2 /sr/µmr ah aerodynamic resistance to heat s/mtransportR n net radiation flux W/m 2RS ↓incoming shortwave radiation W/m 2R incoming longwave radiation W/m 2L↓RL↑outgoing longwave radiation W/m 2R c corrected thermal radiance from the W/m 2 /sr/µmsurfaceR p path radiance in the 10.4 – 12.5 µm W/m 2 /sr/µmbandR sky narrow band downward thermal W/m 2 /sr/µmradiation for a clear skyT a near surface air temperature KT s surface temperature Ku wind velocity m/su * friction velocity m/sz height mz om momentum roughness length mα surface albedo -albedo path radiance -α pathradianceα toa albedo at top of atmosphere -β solar elevation angle degreesγ aspect angle of the pixel radians4
δ declination of the earth radiansε ο <strong>br</strong>oad band surface emissivity -ε ΝΒ narrow band surface emissivity -ε a atmospheric emissivity -θ solar incidence angle degreesλ latent heat of vaporization J/kgλET latent heat flux W/m 2ρ air density kg/m 3ρ λ reflectivity for band λ -σ Stefan-Boltzmann constant 5.67 × 10 -8 W/m 2 /K 4τ sw shortwave transmissivity of air -τ ΝΒ narrow band transmissivity of air -φ latitude of the pixel radiansΨ h stability correction for heat transport -ψ m stability correction for momentum -transportϖ mountain wind speed weighting -coefficientω λ weighting coefficient for band λ -5
Page 1 and 2: SEBALSurface Energy Balance Algorit
Page 3: 6. Tables for surface albedo comput
Page 7 and 8: INTRODUCTION1. BACKGROUNDLand manag
Page 9 and 10: THE THEORETICAL BASIS OF SEBAL1. OV
Page 11 and 12: The surface emissivity is the ratio
Page 13 and 14: • Reference evapotranspiration, E
Page 15 and 16: Figure 3. Flow Chart of the Net Sur
Page 17 and 18: 2. The reflectivity for each band (
Page 19 and 20: and ET are specified for the two ex
Page 21 and 22: To complete step 2, model F06_surfa
Page 23 and 24: D. Choosing the “Hot” and “Co
Page 25 and 26: irrigated crops near Kimberly, Idah
Page 27 and 28: where; u * is the friction velocity
Page 29 and 30: Weather stationu, z x, z om, u *H f
Page 31 and 32: Note: An alternative method used by
Page 33 and 34: where;⎛ 2 ⎞⎜1+ x(0.1m)Ψ = 2
Page 35 and 36: where; ET inst is the instantaneous
Page 37 and 38: Figure 6 shows an example of a dail
Page 39 and 40: 1. If there is some cloud cover in
Page 41 and 42: • For all other formats (includin
Page 43 and 44: On the main page, select Type in Pa
Page 45 and 46: These values for z om can vary by r
Page 47 and 48: Appendix 3Reference Evapotranspirat
Page 49 and 50: and click on “Open”3. Provide t
Page 51 and 52: 5. Describe weather station and wea
Page 53 and 54: 8. Save the output file using a nam
Page 55 and 56:
4. Go to the Viewer tool and view t
Page 57 and 58:
Appendix 5Time Issues Around Weathe
Page 59 and 60:
2. What time interval does the data
Page 61 and 62:
The wind speed is 3.4 m/s for the 1
Page 63 and 64:
Table 6.3. ESUN λ for Landsat 5 TM
Page 65 and 66:
Table 6.6. Typical albedo values.Fr
Page 67 and 68:
4. Make a first guess for T cold by
Page 69 and 70:
Fig.3. P40/R30, Landsat 7 ETM+ 4/8/
Page 71 and 72:
Fig.5. P40/R30, Landsat 7 ETM+ 4/8/
Page 73 and 74:
We open the image or subset image a
Page 75 and 76:
Now, we look at the northwest area
Page 77 and 78:
(2) The regional weather or soil co
Page 79 and 80:
We conclude that this “heat islan
Page 81 and 82:
Part 1: using the manual iteration
Page 83 and 84:
Part 2: Using the automatic iterati
Page 85 and 86:
Appendix 9SAVI and LAI for Southern
Page 87 and 88:
equation for G. The following are e
Page 89 and 90:
and for 24-hours:Gwater = 0.9 Rn -
Page 91 and 92:
The Stability of the AtmosphereAppe
Page 93 and 94:
Appendix 12The SEBAL Mountain Model
Page 95 and 96:
where; t is the standard clock time
Page 97:
N. Momentum Roughness LengthThe mom
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