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Figure 4.2 Layering the image for Landsat 5TMBands 1-7in order56
Appendix 5Time Issues Around Weather Data and Reference EvapotranspirationA. Converting Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) to Local TimeSatellite image times are given in GMT and must be converted to the local time of the areaof interest. For <strong>SEBAL</strong> processing, use winter standard time (local time without applyingany daylight savings time shift):t image (Local Time) = GMT + Correctionwhere timage (Local Time) is the image time using local time, and “Correction” is the timecorrection that depends on the time zone.This correction term is found on the internet. Table 5.1 gives samples of the correction termfor some locations:Table 5.1. List of the correction term (From Date/Time Property of MicrosoftWindows)For example, if the weather station is in the Mountain Time zone, the correction term is –7hours. Therefore, if the satellite image time is 17:25 GMT, the local time of the image is17:25 – 7 = 10:25 AM.The correction can also be determined by dividing the longitude of the center of the timezone by 15o. For example, the Mountain Time zone center is -105o. Therefore, theCorrection = -105/15 = -7 hours. The centers of Eastern, Central, Mountain and PacificTime zones are –75 O , -90 O , -105 O , and –120o respectfully.57
Page 1 and 2:
SEBALSurface Energy Balance Algorit
Page 3 and 4:
6. Tables for surface albedo comput
Page 5 and 6: δ declination of the earth radians
Page 7 and 8: INTRODUCTION1. BACKGROUNDLand manag
Page 9 and 10: THE THEORETICAL BASIS OF SEBAL1. OV
Page 11 and 12: The surface emissivity is the ratio
Page 13 and 14: • Reference evapotranspiration, E
Page 15 and 16: Figure 3. Flow Chart of the Net Sur
Page 17 and 18: 2. The reflectivity for each band (
Page 19 and 20: and ET are specified for the two ex
Page 21 and 22: To complete step 2, model F06_surfa
Page 23 and 24: D. Choosing the “Hot” and “Co
Page 25 and 26: irrigated crops near Kimberly, Idah
Page 27 and 28: where; u * is the friction velocity
Page 29 and 30: Weather stationu, z x, z om, u *H f
Page 31 and 32: Note: An alternative method used by
Page 33 and 34: where;⎛ 2 ⎞⎜1+ x(0.1m)Ψ = 2
Page 35 and 36: where; ET inst is the instantaneous
Page 37 and 38: Figure 6 shows an example of a dail
Page 39 and 40: 1. If there is some cloud cover in
Page 41 and 42: • For all other formats (includin
Page 43 and 44: On the main page, select Type in Pa
Page 45 and 46: These values for z om can vary by r
Page 47 and 48: Appendix 3Reference Evapotranspirat
Page 49 and 50: and click on “Open”3. Provide t
Page 51 and 52: 5. Describe weather station and wea
Page 53 and 54: 8. Save the output file using a nam
Page 55: 4. Go to the Viewer tool and view t
Page 59 and 60: 2. What time interval does the data
Page 61 and 62: The wind speed is 3.4 m/s for the 1
Page 63 and 64: Table 6.3. ESUN λ for Landsat 5 TM
Page 65 and 66: Table 6.6. Typical albedo values.Fr
Page 67 and 68: 4. Make a first guess for T cold by
Page 69 and 70: Fig.3. P40/R30, Landsat 7 ETM+ 4/8/
Page 71 and 72: Fig.5. P40/R30, Landsat 7 ETM+ 4/8/
Page 73 and 74: We open the image or subset image a
Page 75 and 76: Now, we look at the northwest area
Page 77 and 78: (2) The regional weather or soil co
Page 79 and 80: We conclude that this “heat islan
Page 81 and 82: Part 1: using the manual iteration
Page 83 and 84: Part 2: Using the automatic iterati
Page 85 and 86: Appendix 9SAVI and LAI for Southern
Page 87 and 88: equation for G. The following are e
Page 89 and 90: and for 24-hours:Gwater = 0.9 Rn -
Page 91 and 92: The Stability of the AtmosphereAppe
Page 93 and 94: Appendix 12The SEBAL Mountain Model
Page 95 and 96: where; t is the standard clock time
Page 97: N. Momentum Roughness LengthThe mom
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