with private sector is case-specific, but it is considered important to get enterprises to utilize more activelythe expertise of IER.The IER has had co-operation with Jyväskylä Polytechnic for example in the fields of vocational teachereducation and researcher training. However, launching joint R&D projects has been difficult despite theefforts (resource problem). The co-operation with polytechnic is expected to increase in the future.Developing on-the-job learning as a part of teacher education could be one significant field for co-operation.Areas of strength and prioritising of activitiesThe Institute for Educational Research aims at specialising in four areas: higher education, international andnational evaluation of education, links between education and working life (including vocational education),and exploiting information technology in education.Information Technology Research Institute (ITRI)RoleInformation Technology Research Institute (ITRI) is one of the three departments of the Faculty ofInformation Technology at the University of Jyväskylä. As a research unit of the IT faculty, ITRI’s objectiveis to conduct research and provide services for business and public organizations in the fields of expertise ofthe IT faculty.The institute operates mainly at the national and regional levels. Its task from the regional point of view is totransfer technological knowledge to the industry and to develop local economy and business. The crossdisciplinaryexpertise at the University of Jyväskylä is reflected in the skills of ITRI´s personnel.Starting points and channels of regional effectivenessITRI has a significant role as an intermediate organization between the university and industry and thesociety. In that sense, it has a major role in universities’ “third task” and has a significant impact on societyand economy, regionally and nationally as well.The regional effectiveness of the research institute is based on good contacts to enterprises and joint projectswith them. In addition to National Technology Agency of <strong>Finland</strong> (Tekes) and EC research funding (FP6)based research projects (currently 4 ongoing), ITRI is carrying out several (currently 6 ongoing) EUstructural funding (ESR and EAKR) based projects (MMEP, Opinpolku, OILI, MYLLY, MOTTO, NASTA)which have a significant impact for the regional economy and business.<strong>Region</strong>al co-operation and the division of tasksThe research projects in ITRI have usually some level of collaboration with other national and internationalresearch institutes and researchers. The level of collaboration has varied from joint projects to commoninformal research co-operation at individual level. <strong>Region</strong>ally, collaboration with Jyväskylä Polytechnic inproject work has gone well. This collaboration will be further developed in the future.ITRI has good relationships with the industry and co-operation with the regional enterprises is close. Duringits existence, since 1989, more than three hundred enterprises have been involved in ITRI’s projects.<strong>Region</strong>al, and small and medium size, enterprises form a major part of this collaboration. The projects ofITRI offer a good possibility for the small and medium size enterprises for networking and common R&Dactivities, as they have otherwise often limited resources for their development.Important partners of the public sector include several municipalities and the <strong>Region</strong>al Council of Central<strong>Finland</strong>. Co-operation with intermediary organizations in the region is based mainly on project funding.Areas of strength and prioritising of activitiesITRI´s main expertise comprises of e-learning, organizational information management, enterprisearchitectures, mobile applications and business networks. In research, the strengths of ITRI are in designing,building and implementing information systems, and in software engineering, especially from the point ofview of methods and processes.137
Currently the priority of ITRI’s development activities is further elaborating of its strengths, its projectmanagement expertise and co-operation with the enterprises and between the other research and educationunits locally, regionally, nationally and internationally.Institute for Environmental ResearchRoleThe Institute for Environmental Research of the University of Jyväskylä is a national institute set up in 1968to produce research data on the environment. The Institute provides scientific research, services, training andaccredited laboratory services in the environmental field for authorities, private and public organizations andenterprises. The number of regular staff employed by the institute is 40, and 5-10 trainees and studentsworking on their graduation thesis are recruited for projects yearly. The operation of the institute is fundedby external sources. The operation area covers the whole <strong>Finland</strong> and approximately fifth of all activities istargeted to Central <strong>Finland</strong>.Starting points and channels of regional effectivenessThe regional effectiveness of the research centre is channelled by various environmental developmentprojects and laboratory services. Integrating certain functions of the Finnish Environment Institute with theUniversity of Jyväskylä is seen as a great opportunity for increasing regional effectiveness in the future.<strong>Region</strong>al co-operation and the division of tasksThe institute has intensive co-operation with regional intermediary organizations (Jyväskylä <strong>Region</strong>alDevelopment Company Jykes Ltd. and Jyväskylä Science Park) focusing, e.g., on regional strategy work(research strategies and other operational strategies). Connections to large-scale industrial firms of the regionare based on customer co-operation whereas the small and medium-sized enterprises of the region participatein many development projects. However, due to the small size of the Jyväskylä region it is not able to exploitthe whole potential of the institute’s expertise, and thus it is impossible to maintain the large environmentallaboratory by regional resources alone.The Institute for Environmental Research carries out annually at least one large project in co-operation withthe Jyväskylä Polytechnic. Both institutions aim to increase co-operation in the future.Areas of strength and prioritising of activitiesThe strength of the Institute for Environmental Research is versatile expertise. The operations are expandedby the accredited laboratory services and co-operation with other units of the university. Areas of researchand development expertise include watercourses, air quality and environmental noise, soil and contaminatedareas, biological effects of contaminants, and questions connected to waste management, water treatment andother environmental technology.<strong>Region</strong>al stakeholdersJyväskylä <strong>Region</strong>al Development Company Jykes Ltd.Role of the organizationThe main tasks of the Jyväskylä <strong>Region</strong>al Development Company Jykes Ltd. are (1) developing the regionalenterprises and supporting innovation processes (especially in the business competence phase) and (2)creating preconditions for an innovative operational environment (infrastructure, availability of competentlabour force, developing networks and entrepreneurial atmosphere, and increasing the attractiveness of theregion etc.). Jykes provides services especially for smaller growth enterprises in low technology fields.Defining the roles of regional actors is considered important, although, from the point of view of Jykes, cooperationalready has a good foundation. The importance of co-operation is further emphasized when thenew period of EU funding starts, and instead of having small individual projects, new projects have to formlarge-scale programmes with multiple participating actors. Jykes co-operates closely with the JyväskyläScience Park. The <strong>Region</strong>al Council of Central <strong>Finland</strong> and Employment and Economic Development Centreare the most significant financiers of Jykes’ projects. The goals of provincial development and developmentof the Jyväskylä region are not considered to be controversial.138
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OECD/IMHE ‐ Supporting thecontrib
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SUMMARYTogether with 13 other regio
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8.2 Increasing the regional effecti
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I INTRODUCTION1.1 Strengthening the
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development. The aim is that region
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The self-evaluation considered here
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densely populated cities in Finland
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1,9 %1,7 %1,5 %1,3 %Population chan
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The share of jobs in primary produc
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New pillars of future’s developme
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Jyväskylä0,60,91,11,0Central Finl
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2.4 Governance StructureMunicipalit
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of its development outside the cent
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III CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HIGHER E
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continuing education and open unive
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The Science and Technology Policy C
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3.2 Regional dimension within the n
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order to respond to the challenges
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14001200Master's degreesDoctoratesN
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900800Youth graduatedAdult graduate
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provide information for the basis o
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CabinetParliamentSTPCSteering (andf
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5,04,0Billion euros3,02,01,00,083 8
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The number of refereed articles is
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Centre of expertisePaper industryBi
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The Institute for Environmental Res
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and systematic gradually progressin
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are seen to be very important chann
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Internal support units of HEIsThe F
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of interviewed HEI staffs, the coop
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areas of the region’s Centre of E
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system of Jyväskylä and the HEIs
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V CONTRIBUTION OF TEACHING AND LEAR
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esources to establish new activitie
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The main problem for the Finnish la
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longer. 2.5% of the Jyväskylä Pol
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activities. As a part of the new qu
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education programmes consisting of
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the TE-Centre of Central Finland an
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practices in the provision of educa
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Reason forskillupgradingDescription
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Strengths+ HEIs are actively confro
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taxation, to lower the unemployment
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- Page 165 and 166: BIBLIOGRAPHYAcademy of Finland (200